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BERANGAN (Castanopsis argentea)
Trade Name
Berangan
Scientific Name
Castanopsis argentea (Blume) A.DC.
Family
FAGACEAE
Common Names
Sarangan (Indonesia); Saninten (Indonesia); Berangan (Indonesia); Tungeureuk (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Fagus argentea Blume; Castanea argentea (Blume) Blume
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 35 m tall. The bole is branchless for up to 25 m, up to 100 cm in diameter, not buttressed.
Natural Habitat
It occurs in primary or old secondary forests, often on dry or fertile soils, at a range of 150 to 1,400 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
The freshly sawn wood smells like tannin.
Color
The heartwood is generally pale red or pinkish when freshly cut but it turns to yellowish-brown, brown or dark red-brown upon exposure. It is indistinctly demarcated from the sapwood, which is straw-colored to pale brown, often with a greenish tinge.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is usually fairly straight but sometimes interlocked.
Texture
The texture of the wood is frequently coarse.
Luster
The wood is lustrous when freshly cut but it becomes dull with age.
Natural Durability
This species is reportedly moderately durable.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Silica Content
Silica Content: It is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
Heartwood penetration is irregular, but the sapwood is easily treatable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.69
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.78
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
9.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is reported to be easy and fast. Air drying of 4 cm thick boards takes about 70 days. Drying Defects: Risk of surface checking, cupping, warping and end splitting is reported. Kiln-dried boards are usually free from serious defects, but cupping may occur. Kiln Schedules: Schedule recommended for Ramin. For stock over 1-1/2 inches the UK schedule B is recommended. In Malaysia kiln-drying schedule C is advised, but kiln schedule B for boards thicker than 4 cm. Kiln drying of 2.5 cm thick boards to12% moisture content takes
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.6
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
978
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
109517
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
559
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
78
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
474
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
561
Workability
Sawing
The response of this wood in sawing is easy to fair.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Slices and peels well when steamed. The wood can be peeled into 1.5-mm thick veneer at a peeling angle of 92 degrees after boiling for 48 hours, but the veneer is brittle and cannot be rolled.
Sliced Veneer
Slices and peels well when steamed. The wood can be peeled into 1.5-mm thick veneer at a peeling angle of 92 degrees after boiling for 48 hours, but the veneer is brittle and cannot be rolled.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Planing
Planing is easy to moderately easy and, with some care, the finish is good.
Moulding
Molding operations are reported as good to fair.
Boring
Boring operations are easy to fair.
Mortising
Mortising operations are rated as easy to fair.
Nailing
It can split on nailing, pre-boring is recommended.
Gluing
Gluing behavior is reportedly good.
Sanding
This species has a good to fair behavior in sanding.
Finishing
With some care it gives a good finish.
Coatings
Painting or varnishing of this wood is easy.
Polishing
When polish is applied a fine and beautiful silver-grain figure often becomes visible.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, pallets, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, shingle
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
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