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KUMBI (Lannea welwitschii)
Trade Name
Kumbi
Scientific Name
Lannea welwitschii Engl.
Family
ANACARDIACEAE
Common Names
Loloti (Côte d`Ivoire); Kumbi (Zaire); Tyetebu; Tchiko; Purukuma; Oyinyin; Ngolo ngoloti; Loloti; Leko; Lannea; Kuntunkuni; Kala; Kakoro; Ewinwan; Ekoe; Eknalokpoe; Ekikaja; Ekika aja; Ekika; Duroko; Durgo; Duko; Borepore; Bopire; Awpaw; Asogedaka; Aberewa nyansid; Abalapuli; Abala puli; Kombi (Zaire); Kumbi (Congo); Kumenini (Ghana); Ekoa (Cameroon)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Lannea acidissima A. Chev.; Calesiam welwitschii Hiern
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 30 m. The bole is straight, free from branches up to 15 m in length and cylindrical. The buttresses, if present, are very small. The trunk diameter attains 80 to 100 cm.
Natural Habitat
Lannea welwitschii is found in areas of moist low-altitude forests. It occurs in swampy or periodically inundated forests, in dense riparian or secondary formations, in deciduous and semi-deciduous stands, as well as in open savanna forests.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Rays non-storied. Rays commonly 2 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is pink grey to pale brown, occasional light brown veining, it is not demarcated. The silver figure is fine (barely visible).
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
7
Grain
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
The wood is reported to be frequently medium textured.
Luster
The wood is described as low in luster.
Natural Durability
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. The heartwood is sensible to termites and Lyctus at
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Internal Growth Stresses
Residual stresses are reported to be absent.
Silica Content
Silica Content: Silica is present. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.05
Resistance To Impregnation
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.47
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.50
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions when interlocked grain is present. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-5
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
711
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
119783
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
427
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
50
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
59
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
310
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
412
Workability
Sawing
It is easy to saw.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for peeling without treatment.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for peeling without treatment.
Blunting Effect
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Machining
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
No particular problem.
Gluing
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
No particular problems.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, frames, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, boat deck, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, pencil, matches, door core, coffin, moldings
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Heavy Packing
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Boat Hulls
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
Boat Decking
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Port Storage
- 62 - Estudio Tecnológico de Maderas del Perú (Zona Pucallpa) Vol I
Pencils
- 67 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VIII, Calophyllum brasilense, Couratari panamensis, Dendropanax arboreum y Bombacopsis sessilis
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Door Cores
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Coffin
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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