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BAYUR (Pterospermum javanicum)
Trade Name
Bayur
Scientific Name
Pterospermum javanicum Jungh.
Family
Sterculiaceae
Common Names
Bayur (Indonesia); Nwalabyin (Myanmar); Melerang (Malaysia); Letop-letop (Malaysia); Bayur (Malaysia); Wadang (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Pterospermum blumeanum Korth
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium size to large tree, up to 45 meters in length. The bole is often fluted, short or crooked, but sometimes fairly straight and branchless for up to 30 meters. The diameter can be from 100 to 120 cm, with stout buttresses up to 2 meters high.
Natural Habitat
Pterospermum species occur scattered in primary forests or locally abundant in secondary forests, especially on river banks, up to 1,400 m of altitude.
Natural Distribution
It is distributed in Myanmar, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, Java and Borneo. In Sabah it is frequent and mainly in the East Coast.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Rays storied. Tile cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III).
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is pale brown to pale red-brown with a purplish tinge, not clearly demarcated from the paler sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is straight or shallowly interlocked.
Texture
The texture is moderately fine to slightly coarse.
Natural Durability
The wood is durable for interior use and reputedly for use under water. It is also resistant to wood-rotting fungi. The sapwood is susceptible to moderately resistant to Lyctus. The resistance of the wood to termites is variable.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
2
Resistance To Impregnation
The wood is moderately easy to easy to treat with preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.46
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.50
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.0
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.5
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
563
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
81393
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
293
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
48
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
33
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
236
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
310
Workability
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Finishing
It gives a good finishing.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TOOLS, tool handles, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, matches, paper
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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