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KEDONDONG (Spondias pinnata)
Trade Name
Kedondong
Scientific Name
Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz
Family
ANACARDIACEAE
Common Names
Cosc ruwfng (Vietnam); Cosa chua (Vietnam); Ma-kok (Thailand); Mak kok (Laos); Kouk (Laos); Kok (Laos); Mokak Mokak (Cambodia); Pwe-baung (Myanmar); Gwe (Myanmar); Libas (Philippines); Memberah (Malaysia); Kedongdong (Malaysia); Embrah (Malaysia); Kacemcem (Indonesia); Kedongdong (Indonesia); Common hog plum
Scientific Name Synonyms
Spondias mangifera Willd.; Spondias acuminata Roxb.; Poupartia pinnata (L. f.) Blanco; Mangifera pinnata L. f.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium to large sized tree, up to 30 m tall, branchless for 18 m. It can reach diameters up to 100 cm. The stem presents knobs.
Natural Habitat
Spondias occurs scattered in primary forests, up to 1,000 m of altitude.
Plantations Available?
Spondias is widely cultivated in the tropics.
Non Timber Uses
Spondias fruits are eaten raw or in jams, jellies and juices.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally axial parenchyma aliform. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Occasionally 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Occasionally rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chambered cells). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I Fibers very thin walled. Occasionally septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It has no taste or odor.
Color
The heartwood is pale yellow-brown to grey-brown, sometimes with a pink core, not clearly differentiated from the pale to grey sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is straight, rarely interlocked.
Texture
The texture is moderately coarse and even.
Natural Durability
The wood is non-durable. The sapwood is susceptible to Lyctus. The heartwood is highly susceptible to blue stain, termite and marine borer attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Internal Growth Stresses
This species is reported to have growth stresses.
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood has an erratic behavior to preservative treatment, but the sapwood absorbs and retains preservatives readily.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.25
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.26
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.5
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.0
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-25
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
173
Workability
Sawing
The wood is easy to saw and convert, but logs with tension wood may show a woolly finish.
Machining
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Planing
Planing is easy, but it is difficult to obtain a smooth finishing.
Turning
30
Finishing
It is difficult to obtain a smooth finish.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, TURNING, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shoes, matches, moldings, paper
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Light Packing
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Shoes
- 70 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux de l`union francaise
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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