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PAO ROSA, PAU FERRO (Swartzia fistuloides)
Trade Name
Pao rosa, Pau ferro
Scientific Name
Swartzia fistuloides Harms
Family
LEGUMINOSAE
Common Names
Boto (Côte d`Ivoire); N'guessa (Central African Republic); Pau ferro (Mozambique); Pau ferro Pau ferrro (Mozambique); Nsakala (Zaire); Kisasamba (Congo); N`guessa (Central African Republic); Oken (Gabon); Kiela kusu (Zimbabwe); Kiela kusu (Congo); Awong (Gabon); Ndina (Gabon); Pao Rosa
Scientific Name Synonyms
Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wieresma; Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wiers
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 23 to 30 m. The bole is irregular, short, sometimes with a swollen base. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.
Natural Habitat
Swartzia fistuloides is found in the dense rain forests, in small groups. It is known or inferred that unless the species is subject to strict regulation, it will meet AT LEAST ONE of the Appendix I criteria in the near future.It is known or inferred that
Natural Distribution
From Cote d`Ivoire to Gabon and to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pit Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Two cells per parenc Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is yellowish white, it has a thickness of 5 cm. The heartwood is pink brown, striped with red brown bands, it is clearly demarcated.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked.
Texture
Texture is reported to be fine to medium.
Natural Durability
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Internal Growth Stresses
No residual growth stresses are found.
Resistance To Impregnation
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.88
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
1.02
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions. and collapse
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-12
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1517
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
217000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
912
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
139
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
118
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
1313
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
1299
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for slicing.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for slicing.
Blunting Effect
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Machining
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Turning
30
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, cooperage, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat fins, boat oars, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Lasts
- 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Cooperage
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boat Fins
- 58 - Guía de Árboles de Bolivia
Boat Oars
- 60 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume II; Curuá-Una Experimental Forest Station
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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