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KELAT (Syzygium effusum)
Trade Name
Kelat
Scientific Name
Syzygium effusum (A. Gray) Mull. Stuttg.
Family
MYRTACEAE
Common Names
Obar (Sabah); Obar (Sarawak); Jaman (Indonesia); Jambu (Indonesia); Tram (Cambodia); Thabye (Myanmar); Common kelat (Malaysia); Nir-naval (Indonesia); Chomphu (Thailand); Plong (Cambodia); Water gum (Papua New Guinea); Makasim (Philippines); Jaman (India); Echter jaman (Germany); Black kelat (Malaysia); Meralu (Indonesia); Plong (Vietnam); Tram (Vietnam)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Syzygium sylvanum (Ridley) Merr. & Perry; Syzygium obtusum Merr. & Perry; Syzygium niviferum (Greves) Merr. & Perry; Syzygium leucoderme Diels; Eugenia effusa A. Gray
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized tree up to 33 m tall. The bole is up to 50 cm in diameter.
Natural Habitat
Syzygium effusum grows in primary rain forests, up to 2,800 m of altitude.
Non Timber Uses
The wood is rich in tannins.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is pale brown to purplish brown color, with a purplish tinge. The sapwood is paler in color.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It is reported to have wavy, interlocked or irregular grain.
Texture
Texture is reported to be fine moderately fine and even.
Luster
It is non-lustrous.
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is reportedly impermeable, but the sapwood is more amenable to preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.67
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.75
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
13.7
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-C
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Workability
Sawing
Cutting behavior is reported to be easy to fair.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Machining
This species is easy to machine.
Planing
This species is easy to plane. A very good surface can be obtained with a 35 degrees rake angle.
Moulding
Molding is reported to be easy.
Boring
Boring is reported to be fair to difficult.
Mortising
Mortising is reported to be easy.
Nailing
Pre-boring is required.
Gluing
This species is easy to glue.
Sanding
Sanding of this species is reportedly easy.
Finishing
This species is reported to be easy to finish.
Staining
Staining of this wood is easy.
Coatings
It paints and varnishes well.
Polishing
It has a good polishing.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, frames, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TOOLS, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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