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ARARACANGA (Aspidosperma macrocarpon)
Trade Name
Araracanga
Scientific Name
Aspidosperma macrocarpon Mart.
Family
APOCYNACEAE
Common Names
Araracanga (Brazil); Volador (Mexico); Maparana (Brazil); Cabo De Hacha (Venezuela); Amarillo (Venezuela); Venezuela (Venezuela); Costillo (Colombia); Canelo (Colombia); Gabetillo (Bolivia); Pumaquiro (Peru)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Macaglia macrocarpa (Mart.) Kuntze
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The size of the mature tree is reported to be small to medium, attaining heights up to 20 to 30 m, and diameters of about 40 to 60 cm. The boles are often straight and cylindrical, covered with a typically ridged bark. Aspidosperma species exudate a milk
Natural Habitat
It is found in lowland and low elevation montane rain forests up to 700 m of altitude, in primary and secondary formations. In Brazil, the range for this species is the cerrado forests.
Natural Distribution
In Brazil it is reported to grow in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goias, Mato Grosso do Sul and Sao Paulo. In Peru, in the departments of Loreto, Ucayali and San Martin.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. In Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Occasionally paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
typical odor, bitter taste
Color
The sapwood is yellow, the heartwood is reddish yellow color.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
It has interlocked grain.
Texture
Fine texture is reported in this species.
Luster
Luster is moderate to high.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
4
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.67
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.75
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.1
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.1
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Slow air drying. It is considered to be moderately difficult to season Drying Defects: Minor warping and checking are reported. In Peru cupping is reported. Kiln Schedules: Careful drying is recommended.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
US-T7-B3; UK-E; JUNAC-B
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.0
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
950
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
146000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
522
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
95
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
117
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
738
Workability
Sawing
Cutting resistance is generally low.
Planing
This species is easy to plane.
Moulding
Molding operations are fair.
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be fair.
Nailing
Nailing properties are poor.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, parquet, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING, heavy packing
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Heavy Packing
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
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