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PAU MULATO (Calycophyllum spruceanum)
Trade Name
Pau mulato
Scientific Name
Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. f. ex K. Schum..
Family
RUBIACEAE
Common Names
Capirona Negra (Peru); Capirona del bajo (Peru); Capirona (Peru); Corusicao (Ecuador); Guayabete (Colombia); Guayabochi (Bolivia); Pau-Mulato-Da-Várzea (Brazil); Pau-Mulato (Brazil); Mulateiro (Brazil); Canelarana (Brazil)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Eukylista spruceana Benth.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is reported to grow to heights from 20 to 30 m, usually with trunk diameters from 40 to 50 cm in the average, sometimes up to 80 cm. This species has straight, cylindrical boles which are often clear of branches.
Natural Habitat
Calycophyllum spruceanum is common in the Amazon region all over the varzea areas, close to the riverbanks.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in s Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of uprig Occasionally septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It is reported to present a vanilla smell.
Color
The heartwood is beige gray to uniform yellowish beige.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
Grain is straight or slightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture is very fine.
Luster
Luster is described as moderate to high.
Natural Durability
This species is moderately durable. It has a moderate resistance against decay and termites attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is moderately resistant to preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.73
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.83
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.2
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.9
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is reported to be rapid. Drying Defects: Slight tendency to checking.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1325
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
169154
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
785
Workability
Sawing
This species is reported to be relatively easy to saw, despite its high density.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to be interesting for veneer.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to be interesting for veneer.
Blunting Effect
It has a moderate blunting effect on the cutting tools.
Planing
Planing operations can be difficult due to its hardness.
Turning
30
Nailing
Risks of splitting, pre-boring is required.
Polishing
It is easy to polish.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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