SPANISH CEDAR, AUSTRALIAN RED CEDAR (Toona ciliata)
Nom commercial
Spanish cedar, Australian red cedar
Nom scientifique (avec auteur)
Cedrela toona Roxb. ex Rottler & Willd.
Famille
MELIACEAE
Noms communs (pays)
Indian toon; Indian mahogany; Australian red cedar; Danupra (Philippines); Yom-hom (Thailand); Maiyom-horm (Laos); Thit kador (Myanmar); Burma toon; Tang-tama (Myanmar); Australian toon; Ranggoh (Sabah); Surian limpaga (Malaysia); Kukoru (Indonesia); Malapoga (Indonesia); Suren kapar (Indonesia); Taw thamgo (Myanmar); Toon (India); Surian (Indonesia); Thitkado (Myanmar); Calantas (Philippines); Chomcha (Cambodia); Red cedar (Papua New Guinea); Red cedar (Australia); Moulmen cedar (United Kingdom); Xoan-moc (Vietnam); Toon (Thailand); Yomham (Thailand); Moulmen cedar (United States of America); Surea-bawang (Malaysia); Burma cedar (United States of America); Limpagna (Indonesia); Burma cedar (United Kingdom)
Synonymes du nom scientifique (avec auteurs)
Toona ternatensis (Miq.) Bahadur; Toona microcarpa (C.DC.) Harms; Toona ciliata M. Roem.; Toona australis Harms; Cedrela toona Roxb. ex Rottler & Willd.
DESCRIPTION DE L'ARBRE
Description botanique
It is a medium sized to fairly large tree, up to 35 to 50 meters tall. The bole is branchless for about 24 meters, with diameters of 70 to 150 cm. It can be buttressed up to 3.5 meters high.
Habitat naturel
Toona ciliata is found scattered in evergreen primary and secondary forests, along rivers, from coastal lowlands to about 1,500 m above the sea level.
Répartition naturelle
It is indigenous to Thailand, Myanmar, Pakistan and India.
Existence de plantations?
This species is widely cultivated for timber or as an ornamental tree.
IDENTIFICATION DU BOIS
Description anatomique du bois
Wood semi-ring porous and/or ring porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits s Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II).
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Vue macroscopique du bois (plan tangentiel)
-
Vue microscopique d'une section transversale du bois
Disponibilité
Statut CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DU BOIS
Odeur
It has a fragrant cedar scent and distinct acrid taste.
Teinte
The sapwood is yellowish red to brown, and is clearly demarcated from the dark reddish brown heartwood.
Index de Teinte (1 = Noir, 7 = Jaune clair)
4
Grain
The grain is straight.
Texture
The texture is coarse to medium.
Luster
The wood is described as moderate in luster.
Durabilité naturelle
The wood is rated as durable and it is resistant to termites.
Index de durabilité naturelle (1 = Très élevée, 7 = Très faible)
1
Tensions internes de croissance
Sometimes logs are liable to end splitting.
Résistance à l'imprégnation
The heartwood is very difficult to treat with preservatives, but the sapwood is moderately permeable to preservative treatment.
PROPRIÉTÉS PHYSIQUES DU BOIS
Densité basale ou gravité spécifique (poids anhydre/vol. saturé) (g/cm³)
0.46
Densité sèche à l'air (poids et volume à 12%TH) (g/cm³)
0.50
Retrait tangentiel total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
6.3
Retrait radial total (saturé à 0%TH) (%)
3.8
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir recommandé
UK-J
Ratio de stabilité dimensionnelle (% retrait tangentiel total/% retrait radial total)
1.7
Calendrier de séchage en séchoir
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_British_ENG.pdf
PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES DU BOIS
PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES DU BOIS
Résistance à la flexion (module de rupture_MOR) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
851
Rigidité (module d'élasticité_ MOE) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
96347
Résistance à la compression parallèle à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
391
Résistance à la compression perpendiculaire à la fibre 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
61
Résistance au cisaillement (radial) 12%TH (kgf/cm²)
92
Dureté Janka (latérale) 12%TH (kgf)
384
OUVRABILITÉ
Sciage
Sawing of this species is easy.
Coupe de placage de déroulage
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Placage tranche
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Usinage
This species is easy to machine. Sometimes woolly surfaces are reported.
Rabotage
It is easy to plane.
Moulurage
It gives good results in molding.
Tournage
30
Perçage
The response of this species to boring operations is fair to bad.
Mortaisage
Mortising operations are reported to be fair.
Clouage
Nailing properties are good.
Collage
The timber is reported to glue well.
Ponçage
The response of this species in sanding is fair.
Finissage
Filling is necessary.
Teinture
It has a good staining.
Applications d'un revêtement
Painting or varnishing of this wood is easy.
Polissage
Polishing of this species is reportedly easy.
Espèces de substitution
It can substitute Spanish Cedar (Cedrela spp.)
UTILISATIONS
UTILISATIONS FINALES (RÉSUMÉ)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, TURNING, BENDING, tennis rackets, SPORTS, table tennis, TOOLS, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat oars, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, pencil, cigar boxes, moldings
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Planches
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Planchers
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Cadres
- 16 - Woods of the World
Panneaux
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
MEUBLES ET M. DE RANGEMENT
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Meubles luxe
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
PANNEAUX ET PLACAGE
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces (de placage)
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tournage
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Résistance à la flexion
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Raquettes de tennis
- 37 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
SPORTS
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
tennis detable
- 41 - Embassy of the Philippines
OUTILS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Outils_agric
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Carros_camion
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Wagons
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCTION NAVALE
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Navires_rames
- 60 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume II; Curuá-Una Experimental Forest Station
AUTRES ET INSTRUMENTS DE MUSIQUE
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
Artisanat
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Crayon
- 67 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VIII, Calophyllum brasilense, Couratari panamensis, Dendropanax arboreum y Bombacopsis sessilis
Cigares
- 68 - Contribucion al conocimiento de la resistencia mecanica de la madera de peumo
Moulures
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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