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MARUPA (Simarouba amara)
Nome comercial
Marupa
Nome científico (autor)
Simarouba amara Aubl.
Família
SIMAROUBACEAE
Nomes comuns
Stavewood; Simarruba; Roba; Pitomba; Pau parahyba; Pasa-ak; Paradise tree; Pao pomba; Mountain damson; Marupauba; Marouba; Malacacheta; Cuna; Bois de cayan; Bois blanc; Bitteresche; Bitterash; Assoumaripa; Adonichi; Simarupa (Guyana); Capulli (Ecuador); Marupa (Colombia); Simaruba (Colombia); Palo Blanco (Colombia); Chiriguamo (Bolivia); Amargo (Bolivia); Marupa (Peru); Xpasak; Tamanqueira (Brazil); Soemaroeba; Simaruba (Venezuela); Simarouba (Guyana); Paraiba; Parahyba; Olivo; Negrito; Megrito; Maruba; Guitarro; Cuña (Ecuador); Chiriuana; Cedro Blanco (Venezuela); Cedro Amargo (Ecuador); Aceituno (Guatemala); Caixeta (Brazil); Simarupa (Brazil); Adoonsidero; Walkara; Soemaroepa; Marupá (Brazil); Brazilian White Pine; Bitterwood; Acajou Blanc; Aruba
Nome científico sinônimo (autor
Zwingera amara (Aubl.) Willd.
DESCRIÇÃO DA ÁRVORE
Descrição botânica
It is reported to attain heights of 15 to 25 m, and trunk diameters of about 50 to 80 cm. The trees often develop straight cylindrical boles that are free of branches for more than half of the total height of the tree.
Habitat natural
Simarouba amara is a pioneer species found in the drier areas of secondary forests. It presents abundant natural regeneration.
Distribuição natural
This species is reported to grow all over tropical America.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA MADEIRA
Descrição anatômica da madeira (macro e micro)
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. I Axial parenchyma apparent with the naked eye. Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/o 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
DISPONIBILIDADE
Situação CITES sobre a proteção
Unrestricted
DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DA MADEIRA
Odor ou Cheiro
Odor is indistinct but it has a bitter taste when fresh.
Cor
The sapwood is not distinct. The heartwood is whitish or straw colored.
Indice de cor
7
Grã
The grain is typically straight.
Veios ou desenhos na superfície
Texture is medium to coarse, and homogeneous.
Brilho
Luster is reported to be rather high.
DURABILIDADE NATURAL
It has very low natural resistance to decay, and it is susceptible to attack by termites and dry wood insects.
Indice de durabilidade natural
5
Tensões internas do crescimento
Residual stresses present in the wood may cause the logs to split while sawing.
Tratamento preservativo
This wood is very easy to treat, with good retention of preservatives.
PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS DA MADEIRA
Densidade básica (Peso seco/Volume saturado) (g/cm³)
0.39
Densidade seca ao ar 12% (g/cm³)
0.42
Contração Tangencial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
7.1
Contração Radial Total (Saturado até peso seco) (%)
3.1
Programa de secagem recomendável
JUNAC-A
Estabilidade dimensional (Contração Tangencial Total %/Contração Radial Total %)
2.3
Programa de secagem detalhado
http://www.tropicaltimber.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/KD_JUNAC_SPA.pdf
PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS DA MADEIRA
PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DA MADEIRA
Resistência a flexão a 12% (Módulo de ruptura) (kgf/cm²)
788
Flexão Estática a 12% (Módulo de elasticidade) (kgf/cm²)
85733
Resistência a compressão paralela as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
366
Resistência a compressão perpendicular as fibras a 12% (kgf/cm²)
41
Cisalhamento radial a 12% (kgf/cm²)
54
Dureza Janka a 12% (perpendicular) (kgf)
201
Dureza Janka a 12% (paralela) (kgf)
351
TRABALHABILIDADE
Serrar ou Cortar
The wood has low resistance to sawing, but freshly felled logs may split due to internal stresses.
Desdobro da tora em torno para lâminas
The very well shaped logs are reported to peel and slice easily.
Desdobro da tora em faqueadeira para lâminas
The very well shaped logs are reported to peel and slice easily.
Desgaste de ferramentas
Blunting effect on cutting tools is reported to be very slight.
Aspectos do processamento em máquinas
The timber is reported to work easily in planing and all machining operations to yield smooth and clean surfaces.
Aplainamento
The timber is reported to plane easily and yielding smooth and clean surfaces.
Torneamento
30
Comportamento na aplicação de pregos
Nail holding properties are described as fair to poor because of its softness.
Colagem
The timber is reported to bond well with all types of industrial adhesives.
Lixamento
Sanding qualities are rated as good.
Acabamento
Grain filling is reported to give the best surface finishing results.
Trabalhabilidade com ferramentas manuais
The timber is reported to respond well to hand tools.
USOS FINAIS RELATADOS
USOS FINAIS (RESUMO)
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, frames, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shoes, matches, door core, moldings
CASAS
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Tábuas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Marcos de portas
- 16 - Woods of the World
Painéis
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Acessórios de madeira
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MÓVEIS GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Móveis comuns
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Lâminas de superfície das chapas
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Lâminas decorativas
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneamento
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
FERRAMENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
PALETES PARA EMBALAGENS
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Caixotaria leve
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Artesanato
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Sapatos
- 70 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux de l`union francaise
Pau de fósforo
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Alma de porta
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
Molduras de quadros
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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