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BERANGAN (Castanopsis acuminatissima)

Trade Name

Berangan

Scientific Name

Castanopsis acuminatissima (Bl.) A. DC.

Family

FAGACEAE

Common Names

Berangan (Malaysia); New Guinea Oak (Papua New Guinea); Thite (Myanmar); Katia (Myanmar); Korcas (Thailand); Saninten (Indonesia); Malayan chestnut (Sabah); Kata (Sabah); Caoi (Vietnam)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Quercus carlesii Hemsl.; Castanopsis longispicata Hu; Castanopsis hamata M.S. Duan; Castanopsis carlesii (Hemsl.) Hayata

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 36 m tall. The bole is often coppicing, up to 90 cm in diameter. The buttresses are up to 2 m high.

Natural Habitat

It occurs in primary or old secondary forests, often on loamy sandy soils, at a range of 300 to 2,500 m of altitude.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma reticulate. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma stran 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent).

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

The freshly-sawn material has a tannin-like smell.

Color

The sapwood is light brown, it is often with greenish tinge. The heartwood is sharply differentiated brown to reddish brown.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

It is reasonably straight, occasionally interlocked.

Texture

The texture is from medium to coarse with dark deposits in ducts.

Natural Durability

It is reported as non durable to moderately durable.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

6

Silica Content

Silica Content: This timber is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0

Resistance To Impregnation

The sapwood is permeable, the heartwood resistant to the preservative treatment.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.52

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.57

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

8.1

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

4.4

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Air drying is rated as good.

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.8

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

968

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

157486

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

581

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

107

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

408

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this wood is reported to be easy to fair.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Slices and peels well when steamed. The veneer can be glued with urea-formaldehyde, producing plywood complying with the German standard.

Sliced Veneer

Slices and peels well when steamed. The veneer can be glued with urea-formaldehyde, producing plywood complying with the German standard.

Machining

Machining of this species is reported to be easy.

Planing

Planing is easy to moderately easy. Careful planing is needed to obtain a good finishing.

Moulding

Molding operations are reported as good to fair.

Turning

30

Boring

Boring operations are reported to be easy to fair.

Mortising

Mortising operations are rated as easy to fair.

Nailing

It can split on nailing, pre-boring is recommended.

Gluing

It has a good behavior in gluing.

Sanding

The response of this species in sanding is good to fair.

Finishing

With some care it gives a good finish.

Coatings

It is easy to paint or varnish.

Polishing

When polish is applied a fine and beautiful silver-grain figure often becomes visible.

Response To Hand Tools

It has a good response to hand tools.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, pallets, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shingle

Exterior General
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
  • 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
  • 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
  • 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
  • 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
  • 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
  • 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
  • 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Truck Body
  • 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
  • 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Shingles
  • 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest

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