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BEROMBONG (Timonius timon)
Trade Name
Berombong
Scientific Name
Timonius timon (Spreng.) Merr.
Family
RUBIACEAE
Common Names
Berombong; Timon (Indonesia); Timbu (Indonesia); Ketimon (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Timonius sericeus (Desf.) K. Schumann; Timonius rumphii DC.; Erithalis timon Spreng
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
Timonius trees are usually small trees, occasionally fairly large, up to 40 m tall. The bole is short and crooked, up to 60 cm in diameter, without or with small buttresses.
Natural Habitat
Timonius trees are often found in coastal sandy or swampy sites, up to 3,500 m of altitude. Timonius timon is found in a wide variety of habitats.
Plantations Available?
This species is naturalized in the Palau Islands.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Occasionally paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confl 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chambered cells). Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Occasio Fibers very thick walled. Occasionally fibers with distinctly bordered pits. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is straw to pale yellow-brown with an orange tinge, not differentiated from the sapwood.
Grain
This species is reported to have straight grain.
Texture
Texture is moderately fine and even.
Natural Durability
The wood is attacked by fungi and insects when exposed to the weather.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.64
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.71
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Workability
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
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