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CAIMITILLO (Chrysophyllum cainito)
Trade Name
Caimitillo
Scientific Name
Chrysophyllum cainito L.
Family
SAPOTACEAE
Common Names
Teta de burro; Sterappel; Star apple; Satinleaf; Saffrontree; Pomme surette; Massaranduba; Maduraverde; Lechecillo; Kaimit; Guayabillo; Golden leaf; Cainitier; Cainit; Caimo morado; Caimo; Caimitier; Caimite marron; Caimite; Apra; Aguay; Caimito (Mexico); Cainito (Brazil); Caimito Serrano (Venezuela); Caimito (Venezuela); Balata Blanca (Peru); Caimito (Peru); Caimito (Colombia); Caimitillo (Ecuador)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Cynodendron bicolor (Poir.) Baehni; Chrysophyllum bonplandii Klotzsch ex Miq.; Chrysophyllum bicolor Poir.; Cainito pomiferum Tussac
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a dominant tree, it attains heights of 40 m, with a diameter at breast height of 70 cm in the average, occasionally up to 100 cm. The bole is cylindrical, with low buttresses.
Natural Habitat
Chrysophyllum cainito natural growth range is tropical America, found in primary forests in a wide range of habitats.
Natural Distribution
It is reported from Mexico to Bolivia.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Tyloses sclerotic. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Siliceous bodies in the axial parenchyma cells. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Non-septate fibers. Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
The wood has no specific odor or taste.
Color
The sapwood is light brown, the heartwood is reddish brown color.
Grain
The grain is reported to be straight or interlocked.
Texture
Fine texture is reported in this species.
Luster
This wood is commonly of moderate luster.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.80
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.92
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.2
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-E; JUNAC-A
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1414
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
161000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
813
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
124
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
1249
Workability
Machining
The timber of Chrysophyllum is not difficult to work.
Finishing
This species is reported to give a smooth finish.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, moldings
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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