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DYSOX (Dysoxylum excelsum)
Trade Name
Dysox
Scientific Name
Dysoxylum excelsum Blume
Family
MELIACEAE
Common Names
Kong ta`sua (Laos); Pingku (Indonesia); Kadangisol (Philippines); Kulig baboi (Philippines); Kulim burong (Malaysia); Ki bawang (Indonesia); Kraminan (Indonesia); Kasai tembaga (Malaysia); Kasip hutan (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Gaurea procerum Wall.; Gaurea gobara Buch.-Ham.; Epicharis procera (Wall.) Pierre; Dysoxylum procerum (Wall.) Hiern.; Dysoxylum gobara (Buch.-Ham.) Merr.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It can be a fairly large tree, up to 35 m tall, branchless up to 20 m and 80 cm of diameter. Sometimes buttresses 3 to 5 m high are present, the bole is fluted at the base.
Natural Habitat
Dysoxylum is reported in evergreen primary or sometimes in secondary forests, up to 2,000 m of altitude. It prefers well drained soils.
Non Timber Uses
The bark and seeds of some species of Dysox are reportedly poisonous, and have insecticidal properties.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Occasionally vessels with colored deposits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plate Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Occasionally prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial pare 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays exclusively uniseriate. Occasionally body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square margina Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Sometimes the wood has cedar-like or onion-like odor.
Color
The heartwood is pale reddish-brown or reddish-yellow, generally well or occasionally not distinctly demarcated from the white, yellowish or rather bright yellow or pale brown sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is interlocked or wavy, occasionally straight.
Texture
The texture varies from fine to slightly coarse.
Natural Durability
The wood is reported to be non-durable to moderately durable when exposed to the weather or in contact with the ground. However, it is probably only moderately durable under exposed conditions.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Resistance To Impregnation
This timber is readily treated.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.43
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.46
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Quarter-sawn material seasons satisfactory. It is reported that board of 25 mm thick took 30 days to air dry from 60% to 20% moisture content. In dehumidifier it took 12 days. Drying Defects: There is only slight risk of checking, cupping or bowing.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-25
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.0
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Workability
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species can be used for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species can be used for lamination.
Machining
The response of this species to machining operations is good to fair.
Nailing
The wood needs pre-boring for nailing.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, poles, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, frames, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING, pallets, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat deck, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, matches, coffin, moldings
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Boat Decking
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Coffin
- 78 - Amazonian Timbers for the International Market
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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