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EBAP (Santiria trimera)
Trade Name
Ebap
Scientific Name
Santiria trimera Aubrev.
Family
BURSERACEAE
Common Names
Gologolo (Nigeria); Ebo (Gabon); Toab (Congo); Poba (Cameroon); Libaba (Cameroon); Ebap (Cameroon)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Sorindeia trimera Oliv.; Santiriopsis trimera (Oliv.) Engl.; Santiriopsis balsamifera (Oliv.) Engl.; Pachylobus trimerus (Oliv.) Guillaumin; Pachylobus trimerus (Oliv.) Guill; Pachylobus balsamifera (Oliv.) Guill.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 23 m. The bole may be up to 13 m in length. The trunk diameter attains 70 cm.
Natural Habitat
Santiria trimera occurs in dense closed forests, often as an under-storey tree.
Non Timber Uses
Contains some resins or extracts which could pose problems when machining or finishing.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the r Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Non-crystals in axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Silica bodies in upright and/or square ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marg Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is grey-brown or yellow-brown, it is not clearly demarcated.
Grain
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
The wood is typically fine in texture.
Luster
This wood is frequently low in luster.
Natural Durability
Not durable; important risks of decay attacks at any processing step, from logs up to final products. It must receive preservative treatment. The heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Silica Content
Silica Content: This timber is reported to have silica. Silica contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.31
Resistance To Impregnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.57
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.63
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.4
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is very slow and difficult to perform; defects are frequent. Drying Defects: Risks of checks. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
954
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
169884
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
592
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
78
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
61
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
482
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
585
Workability
Sawing
It is easy to saw.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Not suitable for veneering.
Sliced Veneer
Not suitable for veneering.
Blunting Effect
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Machining
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Easy; no particular problems.
Boring
Easy; no particular problems.
Mortising
Easy; no particular problems.
Nailing
No particular problem.
Gluing
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
No particular problems.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, paper
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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