EYOUM (Dialium aubrevillei)
Trade Name
Eyoum
Scientific Name
Dialium aubrevillei Pellegr.
Family
LEGUMINOSAE
Common Names
Gia kaba (Liberia); Gbelle-flu (Liberia); Ciania (Liberia); Pau veludo (Guinea-Bissau); Kofina (Côte d`Ivoire); Afambéou (Côte d`Ivoire); Kasudu (Zaire); Bongola (Zaire); Omvong (Gabon); Eyoum (Gabon); Penzi (Congo); Mfang (Cameroon); M'fan (Cameroon); Ziba (Mozambique); Eyoum
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 36 m, with trunk diameters of 100 cm. The bole is angular, mostly straight, but sometimes crooked. It presents buttresses, sometimes up to 15 m.
Natural Habitat
Dialium aubrevillei grows scattered throughout the rain forest and transitional formations.
Natural Distribution
From Guinea to Congo.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Occasionally vessels per mm2 less than 6. Occasionally intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines (included in reticulate and scalariform). Axial parenchyma in thick bands. Axial parenchyma storied. Siliceous bodies in the axial parenchyma cells. Rays storied.
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Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
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Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is whitish, it has a thickness of 3 to 5 cm. The heartwood is dark pink-brown, dark red or almost black, with occasional small markings, it is clearly demarcated.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
3
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
Medium texture is reported in this species.
Luster
Luster is reported to be low.
Natural Durability
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Internal Growth Stresses
No growth stresses are reported in this species.
Silica Content
Silica Content: Silica content is negligible. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.03
Resistance To Impregnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.70
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.79
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.3
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of casehardening and checks Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-12
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1270
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
172361
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
737
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
104
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
90
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
779
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
857
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for slicing.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for slicing.
Blunting Effect
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Machining
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Turning
30
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, paling, stakes posts, rails, crossarms, crossties, piers, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, PACKING, heavy packing, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Paling Fence Pickets
- 4 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas da bicuiba
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Rails
- 6 - Physical and mechanical properties of Eucalyptus deglupta Blume grown in Costa Rica
Crossheads Crossarms
- 7 - Maderas latinoamericanas. II, Quercus alata Q. costaricensis y Q. eugeniaefolia
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
Piers
- 9 - Maderas latinoamericanas. IV, Nectandra sp. Ocotea austinii, Persea sp. aff. vesticula, Persea schiedeana
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Heavy Packing
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Cooperage
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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