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FREIJO (Cordia goeldiana)
Trade Name
Freijo
Scientific Name
Cordia goeldiana Huber
Family
BORAGINACEAE
Common Names
Tahuampa; South American walnut; Jennie wood; Freijo; Freijjo vermelho; Frei-jorge; Frei jorje; Cordia; Brazilian walnut; Brateco; Sierra Walnut; Laurel Blanco; Jenny Wood; Jenuie Wood; Frei Jorge (Brazil); Freijó (Brazil); Brazilian Teak; Cordia Wood; Amazon Teak
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is often about 10 to 20 m in height, with a trunk diameter of about 40 to 60 cm. Heights of over 30 m and trunk diameters of up to 90 cm are also possible.
Natural Habitat
Cordia goeldiana is usually found in the lower Amazon in terra firme forests. It is reported in primary forests, although it also develops well under exposed conditions.
Natural Distribution
Freijo is reported to occur in Para and in the Tocantins and Xingu River basins of Brazil.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pit Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Larger rays width 0. 1 mm or more and 2 mm or more in height. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Sheath cells. Crystal sand in ray cells. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
C. goeldiana has a mild distinct smell, but no distinct taste.
Color
The sapwood is not clearly demarcated from the heartwood. The heartwood is yellowish brown to dark brown color, sometimes with darker streaks.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is typically straight to shallowly interlocked.
Texture
Texture is reported to be medium and uniform.
Luster
This species has moderate to high luster.
Natural Durability
It is durable, with high resistance to white-rot and brown-rot fungi. It has a good resistance against dry wood termites.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
4
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is moderately resistant to preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.52
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.57
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.5
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be moderate. Drying Defects: Risk of bowing and crooking.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-E; US-T6-D2
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
918
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
116093
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
523
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
62
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
95
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
453
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
608
Workability
Sawing
The timber is reported to saw fairly easily.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
It is interesting for peeling, but particularly for slicing.
Sliced Veneer
It is interesting for peeling, but particularly for slicing.
Blunting Effect
The wood is reported to exert a slight blunting effect on cutters.
Planing
It is easy to plane, giving a smooth surface.
Moulding
It is reported to require sharp cutting edges to prevent grain tearing.
Turning
30
Boring
End-grain material is reported to require adequate support during boring operations to avoid breaking away.
Nailing
Nailing properties are satisfactory, but pre-boring is recommended since the wood splits rather easily.
Gluing
Gluing properties are rated as good.
Finishing
The wood is reported to finish rather well after the grain is well filled.
Steam Bending
This wood may bend to a moderate curvature.
Response To Hand Tools
Response to hand tools is reported to be good, but cutting edges should be kept very sharp to prevent grain from tearing.
Substitute Species
Teak (Tectona grandis)
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, steps, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, BENDING, chairs, tennis rackets, SPORTS, bowling polo balls, table tennis, CONTAINERS, cooperage, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat deck, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, door core
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Bending
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Chairs
- 36 - Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, Panama
Tennis Rackets
- 37 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Balls Bowling Polo
- 40 - Internet
- 41 - Embassy of the Philippines
Containers
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Cooperage
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boat Decking
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Door Cores
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
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