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GOMBé (Didelotia idae)
Trade Name
Gombé
Scientific Name
Didelotia idae Oldeman de Wit et Leon.
Family
LEGUMINOSAE
Common Names
Timba (Sierra Leone); Bondu (Liberia); Broutou (Côte d`Ivoire); Angok (Gabon); Ekop-gombé (Cameroon); Gombé
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree may reach a height of 50 m, with diameters from 130 to 170 cm. The bole is clear to 26 m, straight and cylindrical. The buttresses are thick and usually short.
Natural Habitat
Didelotia idae is found in wet evergreen rain forests and in swampy forests.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per pare Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Rays non-storied. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/o Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is red-brown to pale brown, it has a thickness of 5 to 7.5 cm. The heartwood is pale red-brown with a greenish tint near the sapwood, it is clearly demarcated.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
The texture of the wood is frequently coarse.
Luster
Luster is reported to be low.
Natural Durability
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is resistant
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Internal Growth Stresses
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Resistance To Impregnation
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.57
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.62
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.6
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: The boards of this species air dry without difficulty. It takes about 4 months to air dry boards 15 mm thick. Drying Defects: It is reported to be prone to warp and end checking. End splitting may be severe. Kiln Schedules: For kiln drying, a temperature of 40.5 to 65.5 degrees is recommended with corresponding relative humidity of 85% to 40%.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-7
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
906
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
135983
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
535
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
68
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
55
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
480
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
583
Workability
Sawing
It is easy to saw.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for slicing, also suitable for peeling if treated.
Blunting Effect
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Machining
Machining of this species is reportedly easy.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Easy; no particular problems.
Boring
Easy; no particular problems.
Mortising
Easy; no particular problems.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Needs pre-coating.
Steam Bending
This species can be used for steam bending.
Response To Hand Tools
No particular problems.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, PACKING, heavy packing, pallets, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Shutter Boards
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Heavy Packing
- 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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