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GUARIUBA, MORAL (Clarisia racemosa)
Trade Name
Guariuba, Moral
Scientific Name
Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Family
MORACEAE
Common Names
Zota; Yasmich; Sota; Piamich; Oiti amarelo; Murure; Moralbabo; Moral comido de mono; Maxunasti; Matapalo; Machunaste; Killo-muena; Janita; Imauba; Huariuba; Guariuba amarela; Guariuba; Dinde; Diconroque; D`espada; Cuaruiba; Catruz; Carac; Cajiman; Bainha de espada; Bainha; Arbol del pan; Amanllo; Aji; Ache; Pellejo De Indio (Venezuela); Árbol Del Pan (Mexico); Amarillo (Peru); Pituca (Ecuador); Quebracho (Colombia); Mora (Colombia); Vitaca (Bolivia); Vacati (Bolivia); Mascajo (Bolivia); Capinuri (Peru); Tulpay (Peru); Turupay; Tatajuba Amarela (Brazil); Quariuba (Brazil); Oticica (Brazil); Oiticia Da Mata (Brazil); Oiticica Amarela (Brazil); Oiticica (Brazil); Oiti; Mururé (Bolivia); Murere; Moral Bobo (Ecuador); Mata Palo (Peru); Guariúba Amarela (Brazil); Guariúba (Brazil); Chichillica; Caraco; Arracacho; Cajimán (Venezuela); Mashonaste (Peru); Moral; Oiticica Amarilla; Oity; Ají (Colombia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Sorocea nitida (Allemao) Warb.; Soaresia nitida Allemao; Clarisia nitida (Allemao) J.F. Macbr.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The trees are reported to be large, reaching heights of up to 40 m, with trunk diameters of 50 to 120 cm. The boles are straight and cylindrical, with commercial lengths of about 15 to 18 m. Peru wants to promote this species.
Natural Habitat
Clarisia racemosa is usually found scattered or growing in small clumps in the tropical rain forests.
Natural Distribution
The species is reported to occur widely in Brazil, and extends into northeastern Peru, the Serrania de San Lucas region of Colombia, and the Guyana.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. White deposits in heartwood vessels. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel- Axial parenchyma apparent with the naked eye. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Axial parenchyma in thick bands. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands more than 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Seasoned wood has no distinct odor or taste.
Color
The sapwood is whitish, clearly distinct from the heartwood. The heartwood is bright yellow, turning into dark brown after exposure.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is straight, to highly interlocked.
Texture
Texture is reported to vary from coarse to medium.
Luster
Wood surfaces are lustrous.
Natural Durability
It is rated as moderate durable. The heartwood is fairly resistant to termite attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Silica Content
Silica Content: This species is reported to present silica crystals. It has a moderate to severe effect while cutting. Silica Value: 1.02
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is difficult to be treated. The sapwood is treatable if incised.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.59
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.66
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.1
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.0
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is slow but without difficulties. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
BR-B; JUNAC-C
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.0
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1074
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
143521
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
630
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
94
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
114
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
651
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
814
Workability
Sawing
The green material is reported to be easier to saw. Reinforced cutting tools are recommended.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
C. racemosa is interesting for slicing and peeling. Thermal treatments are recommended.
Sliced Veneer
C. racemosa is interesting for slicing and peeling. Thermal treatments are recommended.
Blunting Effect
A severe blunting effect is reported in this species due to its silica content.
Machining
Most machining operations it gives good results, but special tools are required.
Planing
Planing operations are fair.
Moulding
Molding of this species is reported to be easy.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring is reported to be easy.
Nailing
Good nail holding properties, but risk of splitting is reported. Pre-boring is recommended.
Gluing
It is reported to glue well.
Polishing
Polishing properties are reported to be good.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, faces, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, BENDING, tennis rackets, SPORTS, table tennis, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, light packing, pallets, CONTAINERS, cooperage, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat deck, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, door core
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Faces
- 26 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Bending
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Tennis Rackets
- 37 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
- 41 - Embassy of the Philippines
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Light Packing
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Containers
- 50 - Properties of imported tropical woods
Cooperage
- 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Boat Decking
- 59 - Programa Nacional de uso Sostenible de los Bosques e Incremento a las Exportaciones.
Other & Musical Instruments
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Door Cores
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
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