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JATOBA (Hymenaea parvifolia)
Trade Name
Jatoba
Scientific Name
Hymenaea parvifolia Huber
Family
LEGUMINOSAE
Common Names
Azucar Huayo (Peru); Jatobá Amarelo (Brazil); Jutaí-Grande (Brazil); Jutaí (Brazil); Jatobá (Brazil)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The commercial lengths are reported to average 12 m, with an average diameter of 75 cm. The logs are reported to be straight and cylindrical.
Natural Habitat
Hymenaea parvifolia prefers well drained soils in dry forests, up to 400 m of altitude. It less frequently found in humid forests. In Brazil it is reported to be common on high and medium fertile soils in the formations known as cerrados.
Natural Distribution
It is found in the uplands of the Amazon basin.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. I Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Occasionally axial parenchyma confluent. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or i Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Odor or taste are absent.
Color
The heartwood and sapwood are distinct. The heartwood is reddish-brown and the sapwood very pale brown with darker lines.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is usually irregular.
Texture
The wood is typically medium in texture.
Luster
The wood is described as moderate in luster.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Resistance To Impregnation
This species is reported to be impermeable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.90
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
1.05
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
9.7
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.7
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
BR-A
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.6
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1732
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
173000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
966
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
192
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
236
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
1671
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
1720
Workability
Rotary Veneer Cutting
It is interesting for slicing, thermal pretreatments are recommended.
Sliced Veneer
It is interesting for slicing, thermal pretreatments are recommended.
Planing
Planing is reported to be fair, with risks of torn grain.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be fair, good surface finishing.
Nailing
It has a good holding of nails, but pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
It has a good behavior in gluing.
Sanding
Sanding is fair, but with good finishing, risk of fuzzy surfaces
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, panelling, TURNING, cutlery, TOOLS, tool handles, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Knife Handles
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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