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KANDERI BESAR (Bridelia insulana)
Trade Name
Kanderi besar
Scientific Name
Bridelia insulana Hance
Family
EUPHORBIACEAE
Common Names
Kandri kebo (Indonesia); Subiang (Philippines); Kanderi besar (Indonesia); Ki pahang gunung (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Bridelia platyphylla Merr.; Bridelia penangiana Hook. f.; Bridelia pachinensis Hayata; Bridelia minutiflora Hook. f.; Bridelia griffithii var. penangiana (Hook. f.) Geh; Bridelia balansae Tutcher
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a small tree growing to 10 m high and attaining diameter of 20 cm. The bole is straight, cylindrical, at times bent, short. The buttresses are inconspicuous, almost absent and very low.
Natural Habitat
This species is found in secondary evergreen to semideciduous forests and less in primary forests. It is usually close to rivers, in well drained habitats, up to 1,800 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tyloses common. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Septate fibers present. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is pink with straw-colored streaks or olive-gray-brown, distinct only in the green condition from the yellow-brown or straw sapwood.
Grain
Wavy or interlocked grain is common in this species.
Texture
Texture is moderately fine.
Natural Durability
The durability varies from moderately durable to non-durable under exposed conditions. Wood samples are susceptible to attack by ambrosia beetle. The sapwood is susceptible to attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.53
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.58
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.2
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air drying is reported as good but slow.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-24
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
778
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
109695
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
545
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
92
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
222
Workability
Machining
The wood is easy to work with machine tools, but is somewhat fibrous.
Response To Hand Tools
The wood is easy to work with hand tools, but is somewhat fibrous.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, frames, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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