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KAYU HUJAN (Engelhardtia roxburghiana)
Trade Name
Kayu hujan
Scientific Name
Engelhardtia roxburghiana Lindl. Ex Wallich
Family
JUGLANDACEAE
Common Names
Dungun paya (Malaysia); Kayu hujan; Ki hujan (Indonesia); Malay beam; Chejo (Vietnam); Kha hot (Thailand); Lupisan (Philippines); Sansanglang (Malaysia); Engel (Papua New Guinea); Tansanglang (Sarawak)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Engelhardtia wallichiana Lindl. Ex C. DC.; Engelhardtia polystachya Radlk.; Engelhardtia chrysolepis Hance
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a small to medium sized tree, up to 35 m tall. The bole is straight and cylindrical, branchless for 15 m, up to 90 cm of diameter. It presents buttresses usually 3 m high.
Natural Habitat
Engelhardtia is found scattered in evergreen primary lowland or montane rainforests, to more open bush savanna vegetation. It is often reported on leached acidic yellow soils up to 2,000 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Occasionally multiple perforation plates. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Occasionally prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells proc Fibers very thin walled. Occasionally fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
There is no characteristic odor or taste.
Color
The heartwood is yellow-brown to red-brown, not clearly defined from the sapwood.
Grain
The grain is straight, interlocked or slightly wavy.
Texture
The texture is moderately fine to slightly coarse.
Luster
This wood is frequently moderate in luster.
Natural Durability
The wood is rated as non durable.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.52
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.57
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.5
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Champaca is reported to season well with minimum degrade.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.4
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
923
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
102640
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
460
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
102
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
359
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
579
Workability
Sawing
Sawing slightly blunts the saw teeth.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Blunting Effect
Wood of this species has a slight blunting effect.
Planing
Planing is reported to be fair to difficult.
Turning
30
Nailing
Nailing properties of this wood are reported as good to fair.
Finishing
This species has a good to fair behavior in finishing.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, matches, moldings
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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