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KEDONDONG (Garuga floribunda)
Trade Name
Kedondong
Scientific Name
Garuga floribunda Decne.
Family
BURSERACEAE
Common Names
Burus (Philippines); Bogo (Philippines); Garuga (Papua New Guinea); Gabilo (Philippines); Kedondong; Ki langit (Indonesia); Kayu kambing (Indonesia); Garuga; Wiyu (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Garuga pacifica Burkill; Garuga littoralis Merr.; Garuga floribunda Merr.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a deciduous, small to medium-sized or occasionally fairly large tree up to 30 m tall. The bole is usually straight, cylindrical, branchless for up to 12 m, with a diameter of 120 cm and buttresses up to 3 m high.
Natural Habitat
It is reported in primary and secondary, often periodically dry or very dry monsoon forests and thickets, and in lower montane rainforests, up to 1,200 m of altitude.
Natural Distribution
It is present but nowhere abundant, in the Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Queensland, around Honiara in Solomon Islands and throughout Melanesia.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Wood diffuse porous. Tyloses common. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 200 micras. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chambered cells). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II) Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits. Septate fibers present.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It has no distinct taste or odor.
Color
The sapwood is pale yellow or pale gray, clearly distinct. The heartwood is pale brown or reddish-brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
6
Grain
The grain is interlocked or crossed.
Texture
The texture is fairly fine, even.
Luster
The wood is described as moderate in luster.
Natural Durability
It is fairly resistant to pinhole borer attack, but readily attacked by dry-wood termites.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Silica Content
Silica Content: It is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The sapwood is permeable to moderately permeable to impregnation, the heartwood is untreatable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.55
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.61
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.6
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
999
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
132164
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
540
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
143
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
817
Workability
Sawing
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly easy.
Machining
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Planing
The wood can be planed to a relatively smooth finish but a reduced cutting angle is recommended to prevent grain picking up on the radial surface.
Turning
30
Finishing
Finishing of this wood is good.
Response To Hand Tools
The wood responds well to hand tools.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, moldings
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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