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KEDONDONG (Santiria griffithii)
Trade Name
Kedondong
Scientific Name
Santiria griffithii (Hook.f.) Engl.
Family
BURSERACEAE
Common Names
Kedondong (Indonesia); Pamutalun (Sabah); Kedondong pasir (Malaysia); Kedondong kerantai (Malaysia); Celankap laki gunung (Indonesia); Penyantong (Indonesia); Kiharpan (Indonesia); White dhup (India); Dhuwhite (India); Dulit (Philippines); Dhup (Andaman Islands); Kenari (Andaman Islands); Pili (Philippines); Merdondong (Indonesia); Kenari (Indonesia); Ma-kerm (Thailand); Upi (Sarawak); Cham (Vietnam); Kedondong (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Trigonochlamys griffithii Hook.f.; Santiria borneensis Engl.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 35 m tall. The bole is branchless for up to 80 cm in diameter, with buttresses up to 2 m high.
Natural Habitat
Santiria griffithii is fairly common in primary and secondary forests, on dry or rarely swampy locations, up to 700 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Occasionally apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Freshly cut timber has a vinegar-like smell.
Color
The sapwood varies from light pale pink to yellowish-gray. The heartwood is yellow-green-brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It is shallowly to deeply interlocked.
Texture
The texture of the wood is medium.
Natural Durability
It is perishable and rapid blue stain. It is also quickly attacked by bark beetles, false powder-post beetles and Lyctus. It is resistant to wood rotting fungi. Early protection is recommended.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Silica Content
Silica Content: Presence of silica is reported in timber of this species. Amounts over 0.05% may affect the wood processing. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is reported to be extremely resistant to preservative treatment, but the sapwood is moderately permeable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.60
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.67
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.2
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions.. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1386
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
170968
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
652
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
143
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species is reported to be rather difficult.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Lamination of this species is possible.
Sliced Veneer
Lamination of this species is possible.
Blunting Effect
Dulling of cutting tools is severe.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Planing
Planing is reported to be good.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring operations are rated as fair to difficult.
Substitute Species
The timber is reported to be similar to Aiele (Canarium schweinfurthii)
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, boards, flooring, frames, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING, pallets, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, particleboard
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Particleboard
- 80 - Estudio Integral de la Madera para Construcción
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