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KEDONDONG (Santiria tomentosa)
Trade Name
Kedondong
Scientific Name
Santiria tomentosa Blume
Family
BURSERACEAE
Common Names
Serantai (Indonesia); Asem-asem (Indonesia); Kerantai merah (Malaysia); Merangan merah (Indonesia); Kedondong kerantai bulu (Malaysia); Panggong (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Santiria multiflora Bennett; Santiria mollissima Ridley; Canarium micrantherum Stapf ex Ridley
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 35 m tall. The bole branchless for up to 25 m, up to 25 m, up to 80 cm in diameter. Buttresse, if present, up to 1. 5 m high.
Natural Habitat
Santiria tomentosa is found in primary and secondary forests on dry to periodically inundated locations, up to 500 m of altitude.
Natural Distribution
It is distributed in peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo. It is scattered throughout Sabah.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers very thick walled.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Freshly cut timber has a vinegar-like smell.
Color
The heartwood is yellowish-brown, greenish-brown to pinkish-brown and distinctly demarcated from the paler sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
It is shallowly to deeply interlocked.
Texture
The texture varies from fine to medium.
Natural Durability
The wood is reported to be non-durable.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Silica Content
Silica Content: It is reported to have silica. Contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is reported to be extremely resistant to preservative treatment, but the sapwood is moderately permeable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.69
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.77
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.2
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions.. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
723
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
134500
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
420
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
80
Workability
Sawing
Wood of this species is difficult to cut.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Blunting Effect
Kedondong wood has a severe blunting effect on the cutting elements.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Planing
Planing is reported to be good.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring operations are rated as fair to difficult.
Substitute Species
The timber is reported to be similar to Aiele (Canarium schweinfurthii)
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, boards, flooring, frames, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, PACKING, pallets, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, particleboard
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Particleboard
- 80 - Estudio Integral de la Madera para Construcción
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