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KELADI (Hymenodictyon orixense)
Trade Name
Keladi
Scientific Name
Hymenodictyon orixense (Roxb.) Mabb.
Family
RUBIACEAE
Common Names
Cy tai ngh (Vietnam); Keladi (Malaysia); Medang (Malaysia); Kuthan; Caay tai nghes (Vietnam); Som kop (Thailand); Som lu (Thailand); Lata (Thailand); Oulok (Cambodia); Kusan kuthan (Myanmar); Kukun-banuk (Philippines); Hibau (Philippines); Aligango (Philippines); Medang keladi (Malaysia); Lepar (Malaysia); Klepu sapi (Indonesia); Jati awang (Indonesia); Bindung gelatah (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb.) Wall.; Cinchona orixensis Roxb.; Cinchona excelsa Roxb.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a small to medium-sized tree up to 25 m tall. The bole is usually rather straight, up to 50 cm in diameter.
Natural Habitat
In the Philippines it is often found in secondary forests at low and medium altitudes and on cliffs near the sea.
Non Timber Uses
The bark contains scopoletin.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels in radial multiples of 4 or more common. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Occasionally vessels per mm2 more th Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Occasionally paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays of two distinct sizes. Ray height more than 1 mm. Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Sheath cells. Body ray cells procumbent with ove Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is white when fresh, becoming yellow-grey or pale grey-brown on exposure, not clearly demarcated from the sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is straight.
Texture
The texture is moderately fine to slightly coarse and even.
Natural Durability
The wood is not durable when exposed to the whether or in contact with the ground.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
The wood is moderately resistant to preservative treatment.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.45
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.49
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Shrinkage of the wood during seasoning is very low to moderate.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.3
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
563
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
79700
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
342
Workability
Machining
Machining operations are rather easy.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, TOOLS, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
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