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KELAT (Syzygium buettnerianum)
Trade Name
Kelat
Scientific Name
Syzygium buettnerianum (K. Schumann) Niedenzu
Family
MYRTACEAE
Common Names
Water gum (United Kingdom); Water gum (United States of America); Obar (Sabah); Obar (Sarawak); Meralu (Indonesia); Thabye (Myanmar); Plong (Cambodia); Nir-naval (Indonesia); Jaman (Indonesia); Jambu (Indonesia); Black kelat (Malaysia); Common kelat (Malaysia); Chomphu (Thailand); Jamun (Indonesia); Tram (Vietnam); Plong (Vietnam); Tram (Cambodia); Echter jaman (Germany); Jaman (India); Makasim (Philippines); Water gum (Papua New Guinea)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Eugenia buettneriana K. Schumann
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to tree up to 35 m tall. The bole is straight, branchless for up to 12 m and up to 200 cm in diameter, often fluted. It presents thick buttresses.
Natural Habitat
This species is reported in rain forests, it favors ridge tops and hillsides, from sea level up to 2,500 m of altitude.
Natural Distribution
It occurs in Papua New Guinea and throughout the Solomon and Santa Cruz Islands, locally abundant.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits. Fibers very thick walled.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is pale brown, slightly paler than the heartwood, which is light to pink-brown when fresh.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It is often straight.
Texture
The texture is moderately fine, uniform.
Natural Durability
It is moderately durable and rapidly infested by wood degrading organisms.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is reported to be untreatable either with oil or water based preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.80
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.91
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
12.3
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.9
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is very slow and difficult to perform; defects are frequent. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-C
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1376
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
152850
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
693
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this wood is reported to be easy to fair.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Lamination of this species is possible.
Sliced Veneer
Lamination of this species is possible.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Planing
Planing of this species is reported to be easy. A very good surface can be obtained with a 35 degrees rake angle.
Moulding
Molding of this species is reported to be easy.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring of this species is fair to difficult.
Mortising
Mortising is reported to be easy.
Nailing
Pre-boring is required.
Gluing
It has a good behavior in gluing.
Sanding
It is easy to sand.
Finishing
Wood of this species is easy to finish.
Staining
Staining of this species is reportedly easy.
Coatings
It is easy to paint or varnish.
Polishing
Polishing of this wood is easy.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, poles, stakes posts, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, frames, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, SPORTS, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, paper
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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