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LELAYANG (Parishia insignis)
Trade Name
Lelayang
Scientific Name
Parishia insignis Hook.f.
Family
ANACARDIACEAE
Common Names
Rengas susu; Red dhup; Malabog; Layang layang; Balam tembaga (Indonesia); Surian rimbo (Indonesia); Medang somkon (Indonesia); Sepul (Malaysia); Lomu kujang (Indonesia); Ngokkhang (Thailand); Tina (Thailand); Thongchon (Thailand); Upi paya (Sarawak); Kayu pontianak (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Parishia rosea Ridley; Parishia pubescens Hook.f.; Parishia lowei Ridley; Parishia borneensis Ridley
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a large, sometimes very large deciduous tree up to 50 m tall. The bole is up to 110 cm in diameter, with tall buttresses up to 5 m high.
Natural Habitat
Parishia insignis is widely distributed in low dry land and swamp forests, up to 300 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally axial parenchyma aliform. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Occasionally silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is grayish to pale brown or reddish-brown and not clearly distinct from the paler sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It has interlocked grain.
Texture
The texture is typically fine to moderately fine.
Natural Durability
The wood is generally non-durable. It is susceptible to attack by sap-staining fungi and powder-post beetles.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Internal Growth Stresses
Growth stresses are reported in this species.
Silica Content
Silica Content: Silica presence is reported. Amounts over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is extremely resistant to pressure treatment, the sapwood shows some penetration of preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.62
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.69
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.3
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.2
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-H
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
958
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
127528
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
499
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
132
Workability
Sawing
Cutting resistance is generally high because of the silica content and tension wood.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
It is reported to be useful especially for plywood cores.
Sliced Veneer
It is reported to be useful especially for plywood cores.
Machining
Machining of this species is reported to be difficult because of interlocked grain.
Planing
This species is difficult to plane, producing rough surfaces.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, PACKING
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
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