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LIGHT RED MERANTI (Shorea parvifolia)
Trade Name
Light red meranti
Scientific Name
Shorea parvifolia Dyer
Family
Dipterocarpaceae
Common Names
Meranti samak (Sarawak); Kontoi burung (Indonesia); Abang gunung (Indonesia); Meranti sarang punai (Indonesia); Meranti royo (Spain); Damar siput (Malaysia); Meranti tembaga (Malaysia); Meranti Melanthi (Malaysia); Meranti langgang (Malaysia); Meranti rambai (Malaysia); Red meranti (United Kingdom); Red meranti (United States of America); Saya lueang (Thailand); Meranti rouge (France); Saya khao (Thailand); Meranti rosso (Italy); Lichtrode meranti (Netherlands); Tengkawang (Borneo); Hellrotes meranti (Germany); Saya (Thailand); Red lauan (Philippines); Meranti paya (Malaysia); Red seraya (Sabah); Seraya bunga (Sabah); Meranti kepong (Malaysia); Meranti hantu (Malaysia); Meranti tengkawang (Malaysia); Meranti sengkawang (Malaysia); Seraya batu (Sabah); Chan hoi (Thailand); Seraya punai (Sabah); Kawang (Sabah); Engkawang (Sarawak); Meranti merah (Indonesia); Meranti bunga (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Shorea scutulata King; Shorea gentilis Parijs
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a very large tree up to 65 m tall, up to 190 cm in diameter. The bole is branchless for 18 to 30 m. The buttresses are up to 4 m high.
Natural Habitat
This species is possibly the most common dipterocarp in Malaysia. It is, however, heavily exploited as the main source of light red meranti timber in South East Asia. It grows on a wide variety of usually well drained soils, up to 800 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses common. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Axial parenchyma bands 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays and/or axial elements irregularly storied. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upri
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is pale pink, light reddish or dirty gray. The heartwood varies from pale pink to light violet or pale pink-brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It is frequently lightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture of this species is reported as moderately coarse.
Luster
The wood surface is lustrous.
Natural Durability
It varies from moderately durable to perishable and rapidly attacked. Early protection is advised.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Resistance To Impregnation
S. parvifolia is reported to be moderately permeable to preservative treatments.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.47
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.51
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
9.7
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.2
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is very slow and difficult to perform; defects are frequent. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-F; US-T6-D4
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
3.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
666
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
106893
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
346
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
56
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
187
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
262
Workability
Sawing
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly easy, but occasional resin deposits may affect this operation.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Fresh logs can be peeled without pretreatment.
Sliced Veneer
Fresh logs can be peeled without pretreatment.
Machining
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be fair.
Nailing
Nailing is reported as easy.
Gluing
This species is easy to glue.
Finishing
Finishing is good if filled.
Staining
This species is reported to be easy to stain.
Polishing
Polishing of this wood is easy.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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