MEMPENING (Quercus argentata)
Trade Name
Mempening
Scientific Name
Quercus argentata Korth.
Family
FAGACEAE
Common Names
Pinang-pinang (Malaysia); Pasang pinang (Indonesia); Mempening (Malaysia); Pasang bungkus (Indonesia); Mempening (Indonesia); Spike (United Kingdom); Sunda oak (United Kingdom); Vak (Papua New Guinea); Pangnan-bundok (Papua New Guinea); Oak PNG (Papua New Guinea); Pangnan (Philippines); Mempening puteh (Malaysia); Mempening bangkas (Malaysia); Pasang (Indonesia); Oak (United Kingdom); Mempening bagan (Malaysia); Tempening (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Quercus wilhelminae von Seemen; Quercus pinanga Blume; Cyclobalanopsis argentata (Korth.) Oersted
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 40 m tall. The bole is up to 100 cm in diameter, sometimes fluted at base, with buttresses up to 2 m high.
Natural Habitat
Quercus argentata is common in lowland to montane forests, often in swampy locations, up to 2,700 m of altitude.
Natural Distribution
It is distributed in Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Banka and Borneo. In Sabah it is widespread in lowlands.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Vascular/vasicentric tracheides present. Simple perforation plates. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. Rays of two distinct sizes. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers very thick walled.
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Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
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Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is gray-brown to dark brown-red, sometimes with a yellow tinge, and clearly demarcated from the paler sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is straight or slightly wavy.
Texture
The texture of the wood is frequently coarse.
Natural Durability
The wood is rated as moderately durable. The wood is reputed to be attacked by termites when it is in contact with the ground.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Internal Growth Stresses
Significant residual stresses are reported for this species.
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is probably difficult to impregnate because of the presence of tyloses.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.79
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.90
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
11.1
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.0
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of checks, distortions and collapse. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-32
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.9
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1245
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
158585
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
626
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
122
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
163
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
1085
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this wood is reported to be slightly difficult especially when air dried.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species can be used for decorative veneer.
Sliced Veneer
This species can be used for decorative veneer.
Planing
Planing of this species is reported to be easy.
Boring
Boring operations are rather easy.
Nailing
Nailing properties are fair. It needs pre-boring.
Finishing
This species is reported to take a smooth finish.
Steam Bending
This wood can be used for bending works.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, boards, flooring, parquet, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TOOLS, tool handles, CONTAINERS, truck flooring
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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