MONGHINZA (Manilkara obovata)
Trade Name
Monghinza
Scientific Name
Manilkara obovata Hemsl.
Family
SAPOTACEAE
Common Names
Sisina (Côte d`Ivoire); Adzacon-aboga (Gabon); Monghinza (Central African Republic); Monghinza
Scientific Name Synonyms
Chrysophyllum obovatum Sabine & G. Don
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 20 m. The bole is very straight, tall, unbuttressed. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.
Natural Habitat
Manilkara obovata occurs in fringing forests, in savanna forests and along river and lake shores. It is often found in small stands.
Natural Distribution
In Cote d`Ivoire, Gabon, Central Africa.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Vessels in radial multiples of 2 to 4. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Tyloses thin walled. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Simple perforation plat Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchyma cells. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Axial parenchyma bands ove Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Silica bodies in upright and/or square ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is yellowish to pale brown. The heartwood is reddish brown, it is clearly demarcated.
Grain
Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.
Texture
The wood is frequently reported to be fine textured.
Luster
Timber of this species is low in luster.
Natural Durability
Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Internal Growth Stresses
Residual growth stresses are absent.
Silica Content
Silica Content: Presence of silica is reported in timber of this species. Amounts over 0.05% may affect the wood processing. Silica Value: 0.2
Resistance To Impregnation
Nearly impossible to treat with a too much low penetration of the preservative substances.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.90
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
1.05
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
10.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Black bean seasons very slowly. Drying Defects: Often with serious distortion. It requires careful drying because it is very prone to collapse and tends to check internally if dried quickly in large cross-section. Kiln Schedules: Kiln drying should also be done slowly. Air drying before kiln drying is recommended.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-8
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.4
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1724
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
243658
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
922
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
140
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
117
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
1394
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
1362
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for veneering.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for veneering.
Blunting Effect
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
Machining
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Turning
30
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Steam Bending
It is reported to have good bending properties.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, BENDING, chairs, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
- 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Lasts
- 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
Bending
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Chairs
- 36 - Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, Panama
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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