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MULBERRY (Morus macroura)
Trade Name
Mulberry
Scientific Name
Morus macroura Miq.
Family
MORACEAE
Common Names
Mon luang (Thailand); Taw-posa (Myanmar); Kertau (Indonesia); Hole tanduk (Indonesia); Andalas (Indonesia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Morus wittiorum var. mawu Koidz.; Morus macroura var. mawu (Koidz.) C.Y. Wu & Z.Y. C; Morus macroura var. macroura; Morus laevigata Wall.; Morus alba var. laevigata Bureau
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
Morus trees are described as small to fairly large, reaching up to 35 m in height and 150 cm of diameter, without buttresses.
Natural Habitat
Morus macroura is found in evergreen rain forests, often on volcanic soils, between 400 to 2,500 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Occasionally vessels in tangential pattern. Occasionally vessels in diagonal and/or radial pattern. Wood semi-ring porous and/or ring porous. Occasionally vessels of two distinct diameter classes, wood not ring-porous. Occasionally vessel clusters common. Tylo Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Two cells per parenchyma strand. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays of two distinct sizes. Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally sheath cells. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent w Fibers very thin walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The white or pale yellow sapwood is clearly demarcated. The heartwood is yellow or yellowish brown, darkening upon exposure to golden or red brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
3
Grain
Straight grain is reported in this species.
Texture
The texture is typically moderately coarse.
Luster
Luster is reported to be high, becoming dull after exposure.
Natural Durability
This species is reported to be fairly durable, not susceptible to insect or fungal attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.73
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.83
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.8
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Kelat timber air dries slowly to very slowly. In Malaysia boards 15 mm thick are reported to dry in 5 months. Drying Defects: The timber is liable to end-splitting and checking. Kiln Schedules: Kiln drying requires a mild schedule. Pre-drying before kilning is advised to prevent serious degrade.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1064
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
113500
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
590
Workability
Sawing
Quarter-sawn boards present a decorative silver grain figure.
Machining
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Turning
30
Finishing
It has a good finishing.
Steam Bending
The wood is very flexible when steamed.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, TURNING, SPORTS, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
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