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OLONVOGO (Fagara macrophylla)
Trade Name
Olonvogo
Scientific Name
Fagara macrophylla Engl.
Family
RUTACEAE
Common Names
Bahé (Côte d`Ivoire); African satinwood (United Kingdom); Nungu-Tsende (Zaire); Olonvogo (Gabon); Olon dur (Gabon); Bongo (Cameroon); Munyenye (Uganda); Olonvogo
Scientific Name Synonyms
Zanthoxylum macrophyllum Oliv. non Miq.; Zanthoxylum gummiferum A. Chev.; Fagara gilletii De Wild
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree is very variable, depending on the site, may reach a height of 32 to 35 m and more. The bole is usually straight and cylindrical. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 150 cm.
Natural Habitat
Fagara macrophylla is found in the equatorial forests, occurring up to elevations of 2,400 m.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Occasionally white deposits in heartwood vessels. Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforati Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Non-septate fibers. Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is bright yellow or pale yellow, occasionally veined or marked. darkens on exposure, it is barely distinguishable from the heartwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
7
Grain
Straight; grain has no particular influence on drying, machining and finishing qualities.
Texture
This species is usually reported to have a fine texture.
Luster
The surface of the wood is naturally low in luster.
Natural Durability
Slightly durable to decay. This species needs preservative treatment for uses with risks of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. The heartwood is sensible to termites and Lyctus at
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Internal Growth Stresses
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Resistance To Impregnation
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.76
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.86
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.7
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.1
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-7
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1568
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
152523
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
879
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
132
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
100
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
926
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
984
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Suitable for slicing.
Sliced Veneer
Suitable for slicing.
Blunting Effect
Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.
Machining
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moulding
Easy; no particular problems.
Turning
30
Boring
Easy; no particular problems.
Mortising
Easy; no particular problems.
Nailing
Pre-boring is necessary.
Gluing
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Sanding
Easy to perform; it gives good results.
Polishing
Can be polished without surface preparation.
Response To Hand Tools
Working with hand tools is difficult.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
- 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
- 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
- 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
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