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ONZANG (Odyendyea gabonensis)

Trade Name

Onzang

Scientific Name

Odyendyea gabonensis Pierre

Family

SIMAROUBACEAE

Common Names

Onzeng (Gabon); Onzan (Gabon); Ozek (Cameroon); Oonzan (Cameroon); Njain (Cameroon); Bwadéndu (Cameroon)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Quassia gabonensis Pierre

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 30 m, with diameters up to 150 cm. The bole is up to 12 m in length.

Natural Habitat

Odyendyea gabonensis is mainly found in fairly dense forests, on sandy soil, never in great formations.

Natural Distribution

West Africa, especially in Gabon.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel p Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambere 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays storied. Rays commonly 2 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The heartwood is pale yellow, it is not clearly demarcated. Occasional mottled figure present on quarter-cut face.

Grain

Straight or interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations. Interlocked grain is high but not frequent.

Texture

This species is usually reported to have a coarse texture.

Natural Durability

Not durable; important risks of decay attacks at any processing step, from logs up to final products. It must receive preservative treatment. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attacks.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

5

Resistance To Impregnation

Moderately easy to treat with a partial penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.36

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.38

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

5.5

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.4

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

FR-9

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

398

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

71923

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

285

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

29

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

22

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

174

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

261

Workability

Sawing

It is easy to saw.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Not suitable for veneering.

Sliced Veneer

Not suitable for veneering.

Blunting Effect

Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.

Machining

Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.

Planing

Easy; no particular problems.

Moulding

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Boring

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Mortising

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Nailing

Easy to perform but low nails holding.

Gluing

Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.

Sanding

Particular care is needed to avoid woolly aspect of the surface.

Polishing

Needs pre-coating.

Response To Hand Tools

No particular problems.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, particleboard, paper

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Fittings
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Sports
  • 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Agricultural Tools
  • 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
  • 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
  • 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
  • 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Particleboard
  • 80 - Estudio Integral de la Madera para Construcción
Paper
  • 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.

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