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SAMAK (Adinandra villosa)
Trade Name
Samak
Scientific Name
Adinandra villosa Choysi
Family
THEACEAE
Common Names
Jalong (Malaysia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Adinandra bicuspidata Kobuski.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a small to medium sized tree, up to 30 m in height. The bole is straight, up to 20 m long and 80 cm in diameter.
Natural Habitat
It is found scattered in lowland and lower montane forests, up to 1,400 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is typically gray-brown with a purple hue, to dark red-brown, not clearly differentiated from the cream to reddish-straw or yellow-pink sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
This timber usually has straight or interlocked grain.
Texture
The texture varies from very fine to slightly coarse.
Natural Durability
The wood is durable under cover.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
1
Resistance To Impregnation
It is difficult to impregnate.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.6548175194
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.73
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
9.0
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: It takes about 4 months to air dry boards 15 mm thick. Kiln Schedules: For kiln drying, a temperature of 40.5 to 65.5 degrees is recommended with corresponding relative humidity of 85% to 40%.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.0
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
732
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
89768
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
426
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
41
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
87
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
356
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
356
Workability
Machining
Machining of this species is easy to fair.
Planing
Planing of this species is fair.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, flooring, frames, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
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