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SANGRE DE TORO (Licania spp)

Trade Name

Sangre de toro

Scientific Name

Licania spp.

Family

CHRYSOBALANACEAE

Common Names

Gris-gris (French Guiana); Koko (French Guiana); Gaulette (French Guiana); Wata koko (French Guiana); Baaka koko (French Guiana); Marishiballi (Guyana); Kutaballi (Guyana); Kaura (Guyana); Kairiballi (Guyana); Bururuli (Guyana); Sponsehoedoe (Surinam); Anaura (Surinam); Oiticica (Brazil); Caraipe (Brazil); Parinari (Brazil); Ambure (Colombia); Sangre De Toro (Bolivia); Macucu (Brazil); Cardeiro (Brazil); Capirona (Brazil); Ambure Pichanguillo; Pindainho (Brazil); Ambure Cuero Sapo; Merecure De Montaña

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The trees are reported to reach heights of 25 m, with trunk diameters ranging from 40 to 80 cm over the buttresses, with commercial lengths of 12 m.

Natural Habitat

This genus occurs in Central America and in northern tropical South America. It prefers the drier areas in primary or secondary forests.Some species of Licania are Endenger ~Rare(IBAMA,2001)

Natural Distribution

It is reported from Costa Rica down to Bolivia.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray cell. Vessel-ray pits small. Simple perforation plates. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Axial parenchyma bands over 4 per mm. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

It has an unpleasant odor when freshly cut.

Color

The wood is described as brownish in color.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.85

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.98

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: It is reported to be easy to air and kiln dry. Drying Defects: Slight warping may occur, with minor or no checking.

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1893

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

186000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

870

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

155

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

1149

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

1222

Workability

Sawing

Sawmilling of this species is reportedly fairly difficult owing to its silica content.

Machining

It is difficult to machine.

Planing

Planing operations are rated as difficult. Hardened cutters are recommended.

Turning

30

Boring

Boring of this species is reported to be easy.

Finishing

This species is reported to give a good finish.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, stakes posts, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, steps, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, TURNING, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts

Exterior General
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
  • 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Stake Posts
  • 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Fittings
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Truck Body
  • 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
  • 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)

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