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Sougué
Parinari excelsa Sabine
CHRYSOBALANACEAE
Eshago (Nigeria); Mampataz (Guinea-Bissau); Koura (Guinea); Sougué (Côte d`Ivoire); Pembe (Zaire); Assila (Cameroon); Mula (Tanzania); Suge; Sougue; Shuge; Rough skinned plum; Pembe; Omushamba; Nnamulambo; Namulambo; Mushimba; Munazi; Mula; Muganda; Msabala; Mbura; Mbula; Mampataz; Kwanedua; Kuranako; Kura; Kotue; Kotosima; Gulih; Guinea plum; Grey skinned plum; Grey plum; Gboh; Ebura; Ebula; Djirro; Bula; Mampata (Senegal); Inyi (Nigeria); Esagko (Nigeria); Kpar (Liberia); Mubura (Uganda)
Parinari tenuifolia A. Chev. ex Dandy; Parinari holstii Engl.; Parinari elliotii Engl.; Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth.; Parinari caillei A. Chev.; Parinari brachystachya Benth.; Ferolia excelsa (Sabine) Kuntze; Ferolia amazonica Kuntze
The tree reaches a height of 30 to 50 m. The bole is cylindrical, buttressed to a height of 3 m, mostly straight, and clear to 20 to 30 m in length. The trunk diameter attains 100 to 170 cm.
Parinari excelsa is found in evergreen forests, near river banks. It is also found in lighter rainfall areas, on well drained sites and in montane forests near Mt. Kilimanjaro. This species occurs gregariously at elevations between 1,000 and 2,000 m.
Widely distributed in tropical Africa.
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Vessels of two distinct diameter classes, wood not ring-porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tylos Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Non-crystals in axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands under 4 per mm. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays non-storied. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Silica bodies in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Non-septate fibers. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Unrestricted
Light and pleasant odor.
The sapwood is pale yellow. The heartwood is pale red or chocolate brown, it is not clearly demarcated.
5
The grain is highly and systematically interlocked; special care is needed when drying because of frequent risks of distortion.
The wood is reported to have a coarse texture.
It is reported to be low in luster.
Moderately durable to decay. Without preservative treatment, this species can be used only under risk of occasional re-humidification. It is not suited for uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Moderately resistant to termites attack
3
No residual stresses are reported in this species.
Silica Content: This timber is reported to have silica. Silica contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.59
Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.
0.78
0.89
10.1
6.6
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks, distortions and collapse. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.
FR-12
1.5
1373
197161
751
107
103
986
1034
Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.
Not suitable for veneering.
Not suitable for veneering.
Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.
It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported. It is recommended to use special tools for cutting.
Rather difficult; special tools are needed.
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
30
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Pre-boring is necessary.
Difficult to glue because of high density.
Difficult to obtain very good results because of interlocked grain.
Needs pre-coating.
Working with hand tools is difficult.
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, crossarms, crossties, piers, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, flooring, parquet, steps, TURNING, ornaments, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, boat hulls, port storage, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, axle
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