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UBO, JOBO (Spondias mombin)
Trade Name
Ubo, Jobo
Scientific Name
Spondias mombin L.
Family
ANACARDIACEAE
Common Names
Hogplum; Hobo Colorado (Colombia); Jobo Macho (Colombia); Itahuba (Bolivia); Cedrillo (Bolivia); Jobo (Colombia); Jobo (Ecuador); Ajuelo (Ecuador); Ushun (Peru); Shungu (Peru); Uvos (Bolivia); Ubos (Bolivia); Coropa (Venezuela); Ciruelo De Hueso (Venezuela); Taperiba (Brazil); Jocote (Costa Rica); Pok (Guatemala); Monbín (Haiti); Jobobán (Dominican Rep.); Ubos (Peru); Yellow Mom; Wild Plum; Uvos (Peru); Ubo; Pau Da Tapera (Brazil); Mope; Mombin; Jobo Blanco; Jobito (Cuba); Hog Plum; Hoeboe; Hobu; Hobo (Ecuador); Ciruela De Job; Ciruela Amarilla; Ciruela; Caja Seira (Brazil); Caja Mirim (Brazil); Caja (Brazil); Bala; Acaiba (Brazil); Yellow Mombin; Jobo Corronchoso (Venezuela); Jobo (Mexico); Hubu
Scientific Name Synonyms
Spondias zanzee G. Don; Spondias venulosa (Engl.) Engl.; Spondias radlkoferi Donn. Sm.; Spondias purpurea var. venulosa Engl.; Spondias pseudomyrobalanus Tussac; Spondias oghigee G. Don; Spondias nigrescens Pittier; Spondias myrobalunus L.; Spondias lutea L.; Spondias lutea var. maxima Engl.; Spondias lutea var. glabra Engl.; Spondias lucida Salisb.; Spondias graveolens Macfad.; Spondias dubia A. Rich.; Spondias cythera Tussac; Spondias axillaris Roxb.; Spondias aurantiaca Thoen & Schum.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The trees are reported to be large, reaching heights of up to 40 m, with trunk diameters of 120 cm. The boles are cylindrical, with commercial lengths of about 18 to 24 m. It presents small buttresses.
Natural Habitat
Spondias mombin is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical primary and secondary forests of America. In its natural distribution it is found in varzea and terra firme forests.
Natural Distribution
In tropical America, its original natural distribution, it is found from southern Mexico to Bolivia.
Plantations Available?
It is planted in the tropics for its fruits and also as a living fence.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray c Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Odor and taste are reported to be indistinct.
Color
The sapwood is indistinct from the heartwood. The color of the heartwood is pale yellow.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is straight to slightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture is coarse.
Luster
The wood is fairly lustrous.
Natural Durability
It is susceptible to fungi, termites and marine borers attack. Logs should be processed as soon as possible after felling.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
This wood is easy to preserve.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.40
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.43
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.8
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be fairly rapid.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JUNAC-A
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
658
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
85000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
399
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
75
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
216
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
317
Workability
Sawing
Cutting resistance is generally low.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
It is used for plywood cores.
Sliced Veneer
It is used for plywood cores.
Blunting Effect
The wood exerts very little blunting effect on cutting tools.
Machining
The timber is reported to respond well to machining operations, but fuzzy surfaces are reported.
Planing
The timber is reported to work easily in planing, it can generally be finished to a smooth, clean surface.
Moulding
The material responds moderately well to molding operations.
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be rather easy, and bored surfaces are generally clean.
Nailing
It is a very soft wood, nail-holding properties are reported to be fair.
Gluing
The wood is reported to glue well.
Sanding
The material is reported to sand readily to yield clean and smooth surfaces in most cases.
Polishing
The material is reported to polish well.
Response To Hand Tools
Response to hand tools is reported to be good.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, frames, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, scale model
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Shutter Boards
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Light Packing
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Scale Models
- 83 - Algunas caracteristicas fisicomecanicas de la madera de tres especies de la cordillera NeoVolcanica
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