VIROLA (Virola michelii)
Trade Name
Virola
Scientific Name
Virola michelii Heckel
Family
MYRISTICACEAE
Common Names
Colorado; Camaticaro (Venezuela); Sangrino (Venezuela); Cuajo (Venezuela); Virola (Venezuela); Otivo (Venezuela); Cajuea (Trinidad & Tobago); Pintri (Surinam); Cumala (Peru); Moulomba (Guyana); Shempo (Ecuador); Chaliviande (Ecuador); Nuanamo (Colombia); Ucuuba (Brazil); Baboen (Surinam); Palo De Sangre; Cumala Blanca (Peru); Cumala Colorada (Peru); Sangre; Birma; Bicuiba Branca (Brazil); Yayamadou (Guyana); Ucuhuba (Brazil); Virola (Brazil); Tapsava; Dalli (Guyana); Banak; Sebo (Colombia); Virola (Brazil)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Virola melinoni Benoist
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium size tree, attaining heights of 7 to 19 m, and trunk diameters of about 45 to 60 cm in the average. The trunk is straight and cylindrical, sometimes fluted boles are also reported.
Natural Distribution
In Brazil this species is reported in the Para state.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Tyloses thin walled. Occasionally tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Si Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays commonly 2 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
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Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood and sapwood are indistinct. The wood is light reddish-brown color.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is usually straight.
Texture
The texture varies from fine to medium.
Luster
The wood surface is moderate in luster.
Natural Durability
It is easily attacked by fungi or termites. It is reported to be also attacked by Lyctus.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
This species is reported to be easy to preserve, with good retention and penetration of preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.50
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.54
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
9.9
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is rapid. Drying Defects: Slight tendency to checking and cupping is reported.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-C; US-T3-C2
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.1
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
972
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
121000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
522
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
50
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
101
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
472
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
671
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species is reported to be rather easy.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to be interesting for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to be interesting for lamination.
Machining
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Planing
Planing is reported to be easy.
Moulding
This species is easy to mold.
Boring
It is easy to bore.
Sanding
It is easy to sand.
Finishing
This species is reported to be easy to finish.
Response To Hand Tools
Response to hand tools is reported to be good.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
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