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WHITE SIRIS (Ailanthus triphysa)
Trade Name
White siris
Scientific Name
Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston
Family
SIMAROUBACEAE
Common Names
Kayu langit (Indonesia); Mayom pa (Thailand); Makkom (Thailand); O dein (Myanmar); Malakamias (Philippines); Kirontasi (Indonesia); Selangke (Indonesia); Cang hom thom (Vietnam)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Ailanthus malabarica DC.; Adenanthera triphysa Dennst.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a large tree up to 45 m tall. The bole is up to 75 cm in diameter. It contains an aromatic resin.
Natural Habitat
It occurs in evergreen and seasonal forests, up to 600 m of altitude.
Plantations Available?
This species has been planted in African arid zones.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits small, 7 micras Axial parenchyma winged aliform (uni or bilateral winged). Axial parenchyma confluent. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma in narrow bands on lines up to 3 cells wide. Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers very thin walled. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is yellowish-white to pale brown and not distinctly demarcated from the sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
6
Grain
The grain is straight to shallowly interlocked.
Texture
The texture of this species is reported as moderately coarse.
Natural Durability
The wood is non-durable, often liable to staining.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
It is easy to treat with preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.3549752543
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.38
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
8.2
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is good but needs rapid drying to prevent blue stain.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.2
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Workability
Sawing
Cutting resistance is generally low.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Lamination of this species is possible.
Sliced Veneer
Lamination of this species is possible.
Machining
It is easy to machine.
Nailing
Easy to nail, with good nail holding characteristics.
Polishing
It is easy to polish.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, shoes, matches, shingle, moldings
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Shoes
- 70 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux de l`union francaise
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Shingles
- 77 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume I; Tapajós National Forest
Molding
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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