AMAPA (Parahancornia amapa)
Nombre comercial
Amapa
Nombre científico (con autor)
Parahancornia amapa (Huber) Ducke
Familia
APOCYNACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Amapa (Brazil); Amapá-Amargoso (Brazil); Amapá-Amargo (Brazil); Amapá (Brazil)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Hancornia amapa Huber
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is a tall tree, sometimes over 35 m long, with diameters occasionally up to 90 cm. This tree is used as a source of medicine, and it is a minor source of gutta percha. It presents abundant latex.
Hábitat natural
Parahancornia amapa is reported to grow in humid sites of terra firme forests, always close to rivers and streams.
Distribución natural
It is found in the Amazon basin. In Brazil it is reported in Manaus and Para states.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Inte Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Prismatic crystals in non-chambered axial parenchyma cells. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays commonly 2 seriate. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chambered cells). Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
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Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano tangencial
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Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The color of the heartwood is usually cream white to light brown.
Grano
The grain is straight.
Veta
The wood has a fine texture.
Durabilidad Natural
Natural durability of P. amapa is reported to be poor, it can be attacked by fungi, termites and dry wood insects.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
Heartwood is considered to be moderately difficult to preserve.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.57
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.63
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
8.1
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.6
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: It is difficult to air season. Drying Defects: When dried at a fast to moderate rate it develops moderate crook and surface checking. Risk of casehardening in thick pieces. Kiln Schedules: This species must be dried slowly.
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.8
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
723
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
108014
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
448
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Wood of this species is easy to cut.
Corte de chapa rotativa
This species is interesting for peeling.
Chapa tranchada
This species is interesting for peeling.
Pérdida de filo_romado
It is considered to have a slight blunting effect on the cutting elements.
Maquinado general
This species is easy to machine.
Cepillado
It is easy to plane.
Clavado
It has a mediocre holding of nails.
Encolado
This species is easy to glue.
Acabado
It is easy to finish.
Sacar lustre
Polishing of this species is reportedly easy.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, boards, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, common veneer, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, moldings
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Tablas
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneles
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles comunes
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Almas
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Chapa rotativa
- 29 - Embassy of Ecuador in Japan
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase liviano
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Cerillas
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Molduras
- 79 - Padronização da Nomenclatura Comercial Brasileira das Madeiras Tropicais Amazônicas, Sugestão
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