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ANDIROBA (Carapa procera)
Nombre comercial
Andiroba
Nombre científico (con autor)
Carapa procera DC.
Familia
MELIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Uganda crabwood; Toon-kor-doh; Sua-bise; Okoto; Munangu; Mukasa-kumbi; Monkey cola; Molonkoto; Mebukulo; Mbula-ndobi; Mbukuli; Kwaku-bise; Kundu; Krupia; Krapa; Kraa-bise; Ibbegogo; Engany; Engang; Ditondondo; Crabwood; Chu-nay-dor-kohn; Cedro macho; Carapa; Bukulo; Borowa; Asorowa; African crabwood; Mutongana (Uganda); Mujogo (Uganda); Agogo (Nigeria); Krupi (Ghana); Bete (Ghana); Dona (Côte d`Ivoire); Alla (Côte d`Ivoire); Toon-kor-dah (Liberia); Kowi (Sierra Leone); Gobi (Sierra Leone); Andiroba
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Carapa microcarpa A. Chev.; Carapa gummiflua C. DC.; Carapa guineensis Sweet ex A. Juss.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The trees are reported to reach heights of 30 to 40 m, with diameters ranging from 50 to 80 cm. They develop straight and cylindrical boles, up to 15 m long. Lengths of 20 m are also possible.
Hábitat natural
Carapa procera is often a dominant species, which prefers humid areas. It can be found on hills or close to rivers.
Distribución natural
Carapa procera has a wide growth range in tropical America and it is also found in West Africa, although the African trees do not reach the same dimensions as the American ones. In tropical America it is reported to occur from Costa Rica and Panama south
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Red-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Intervessel pits small, 7 micras or less. Occasionally axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Occasionally paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Paratracheal axial 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Septate fibers present.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Color
The sapwood is distinct, the heartwood is golden red brown in color.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
4
Grano
The grain is usually straight, but sometimes it is reported to be slightly interlocked.
Veta
C. procera has fairly fine texture.
Durabilidad Natural
C. procera is rated as poor to moderately resistant against decay and termites attack, but resistant against dry wood insects.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
3
Dificultad para impregnar
It is reported to be untreatable either with oil or water based preservatives.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.63
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.70
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
10.1
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
6.7
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.5
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1626
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
136000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
635
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
116
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
It is easy to cut, but it dulls the saw.
Corte de chapa rotativa
This species is reported to be interesting for slicing and rotary peeling.
Chapa tranchada
This species is reported to be interesting for slicing and rotary peeling.
Pérdida de filo_romado
A very slight to slight dulling effect is reported for this species.
Maquinado general
Machining of C. procera is reported to present some difficulties when interlocked grain is found.
Clavado
It has a good holding of nails, but splitting is reported on end grain.
Encolado
Gluing of this species is easy.
Acabado
Wood of this species is easy to finish.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Accesorios de madera
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Gabinetes
- 24 - Empire Timbers
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
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