BáLSAMO (Myroxylon peruiferum)
Nombre comercial
Bálsamo
Nombre científico (con autor)
Myroxylon Perúiferum L. f.
Familia
LEGUMINOSAE
Nombres Comunes
Quina Morada (Argentina); Estoraque (Venezuela); Sándalo (Ecuador); Olor (Colombia); Chana (Bolivia); Palo Trébol (Bolivia); Bálsamo (Brazil); Bálsamo (Colombia); Bálsamo Del Perú (Perú); Estoraque (Perú)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Myrospermum pedicellatum Lam.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
It is a medium size tree, attaining heights of 10 to 20 m and diameters of 60 to 80 cm.
Hábitat natural
Myroxylon Perúiferum is found in the primary and secondary tropical and subtropical forests of America.
Distribución natural
This species is reported to be widely distributed all over the tropical South America. In Brazil it is reported to occur mostly in the Parana basin, the Atlantic rainforest and the Amazon region.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 10 Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma storied. Two cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays storied. Rays commonly 2 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Foto macroscópica de la madera, plano radial
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Foto microscópica sección transversal de la madera
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Odor or taste are absent.
Color
The sapwood is pale brown, the heartwood is purplish red color.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
The grain is mostly interlocked.
Veta
The wood is mostly medium in texture.
Brillo
The wood luster is reported to be rather moderate.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
2
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.80
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.91
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
6.5
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.2
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: It is reported to air season at a moderate rate. Drying Defects: Little tendency to warp or check. Somewhat conspicuous sticker marks are often reported after drying.
Calendario de Secado
JUNAC-B
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.5
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1340
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
175000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
714
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
163
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
1143
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
1112
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Sawing operations are rated as fair to difficult.
Cepillado
Planing operations are rated as fair.
Moldurado
Molding is reported to be easy.
Torneado
30
Taladrado
It is easy to bore.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, flooring, parquet, steps, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
- 15 - Empire Timbers
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
chapa decorativa
- 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Torneado
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
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