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CUMARU (Taralea oppositifolia)
Nombre comercial
Cumaru
Nombre científico (con autor)
Taralea oppositifolia Aubl.
Familia
LEGUMINOSAE
Nombres Comunes
Tarala (Guyana); Cumaru rana (Brazil); Shihuahuaco (Perú); Almendrillo (Bolivia)
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Dipteryx oppositifolia (Aubl.) Willd.; Cumaruna oppositifolia (Aubl.) Kuntze; Coumarouna oppositifolia (Aubl.) Taub.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
T. oppositifolia is often about 30 m in height, with a trunk diameter of about 60 to 90 cm. The boles are straight and cylindrical, with a commercial length of 20 m in the average.
Hábitat natural
Taralea oppositifolia is found in the tropical and subtropical rain forests of South America. It prefers deep soils.
Distribución natural
The natural growth range of this species is northern South America, down to Bolivia.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels in dendritic pattern. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Red-colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (m Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Rays storied. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits. Fibers storied.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Odor is distinct.
Color
The wood is differentiated, with a sharp contrast between sapwood and heartwood. It is dark brown to reddish brown in color, with dark streaks.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
2
Grano
The grain is frequently interlocked.
Veta
This wood has a somewhat medium texture.
Brillo
This species has moderate to high luster.
Durabilidad Natural
T. oppositifolia is a very durable timber.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
1
Dificultad para impregnar
The heartwood is extremely difficult to impregnate.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.83
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.96
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
8.2
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
5.5
Defectos por secado
Kiln Schedules: This species is recommended to be dried in small pieces.
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.5
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
1167
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
884
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
1628
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
It is reported to be easier to saw when green wood is processed.
Maquinado general
The machining of this species is reported to be easier when green because of its hardness.
Cepillado
Planing operations are rated as fair.
Taladrado
Boring operations are fair when green.
Acabado
It has a good finishing.
Especies sustitutas
It is reported to be a possible substitute of Lignum vitae (Guaiacum officinalis).
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, flooring, steps, TOOLS, tool handles, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat hulls
EXTERIOR GENERAL
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Puentes
- 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Durmientes
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
vigas
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Viguetas
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Pisos
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Peldaños
- 17 - Tree Conservation Database
HERRAMIENTAS
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Mangos herramientas
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Carrocería de camión
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Pisos de vagones_contenedores
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Botes_cascos
- 57 - Estadísticas de Aprovechamiento, Exportación y comercialización Nacional de Productos Forestales
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