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UBO, JOBO (Spondias mombin)
Nombre comercial
Ubo, Jobo
Nombre científico (con autor)
Spondias mombin L.
Familia
ANACARDIACEAE
Nombres Comunes
Hogplum; Hobo Colorado (Colombia); Jobo Macho (Colombia); Itahuba (Bolivia); Cedrillo (Bolivia); Jobo (Colombia); Jobo (Ecuador); Ajuelo (Ecuador); Ushun (Perú); Shungu (Perú); Uvos (Bolivia); Ubos (Bolivia); Coropa (Venezuela); Ciruelo De Hueso (Venezuela); Taperiba (Brazil); Jocote (Costa Rica); Pok (Guatemala); Monbín (Haiti); Jobobán (Dominican Rep.); Ubos (Perú); Yellow Mom; Wild Plum; Uvos (Perú); Ubo; Pau Da Tapera (Brazil); Mope; Mombin; Jobo Blanco; Jobito (Cuba); Hog Plum; Hoeboe; Hobu; Hobo (Ecuador); Ciruela De Job; Ciruela Amarilla; Ciruela; Caja Seira (Brazil); Caja Mirim (Brazil); Caja (Brazil); Bala; Acaiba (Brazil); Yellow Mombin; Jobo Corronchoso (Venezuela); Jobo (Mexico); Hubu
Nombres científicos sinónimos (con autores)
Spondias zanzee G. Don; Spondias venulosa (Engl.) Engl.; Spondias radlkoferi Donn. Sm.; Spondias purpurea var. venulosa Engl.; Spondias pseudomyrobalanus Tussac; Spondias oghigee G. Don; Spondias nigrescens Pittier; Spondias myrobalunus L.; Spondias lutea L.; Spondias lutea var. maxima Engl.; Spondias lutea var. glabra Engl.; Spondias lucida Salisb.; Spondias graveolens Macfad.; Spondias dubia A. Rich.; Spondias cythera Tussac; Spondias axillaris Roxb.; Spondias aurantiaca Thoen & Schum.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ÁRBOL
Descripción botánica
The trees are reported to be large, reaching heights of up to 40 m, with trunk diameters of 120 cm. The boles are cylindrical, with commercial lengths of about 18 to 24 m. It presents small buttresses.
Hábitat natural
Spondias mombin is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical primary and secondary forests of America. In its natural distribution it is found in varzea and terra firme forests.
Distribución natural
In tropical America, its original natural distribution, it is found from southern Mexico to Bolivia.
Existencia de plantaciones?
It is planted in the tropics for its fruits and also as a living fence.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MADERA
Descripción anatómica de la madera
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Tyloses common. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coarse throughout the ray c Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Disponibilidad
Status de protección por CITES
Unrestricted
DESCRIPCIÓN GENERAL DE LA MADERA
Olor
Odor and taste are reported to be indistinct.
Color
The sapwood is indistinct from the heartwood. The color of the heartwood is pale yellow.
Indice de Color (1= Negro, violeta; 7= Amarillo claro, blanco)
5
Grano
The grain is straight to slightly interlocked.
Veta
The texture is coarse.
Brillo
The wood is fairly lustrous.
Durabilidad Natural
It is susceptible to fungi, termites and marine borers attack. Logs should be processed as soon as possible after felling.
Indice de Durabilidad Natural (1=Muy alta, 7=Muy baja)
5
Dificultad para impregnar
This wood is easy to preserve.
PROPIEDADES FÍSICAS DE LA MADERA
Densidad Básica (Peso anhidro/Vol. saturado) (g/cm³)
0.40
Densidad seca al aire (Peso y volúmen CH12%) (g/cm³)
0.43
Contracción Tangencial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
4.6
Contracción Radial Total (Saturado hasta anhidro) (%)
2.8
Defectos por secado
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be fairly rapid.
Calendario de Secado
JUNAC-A
Estabilidad Dimensional (Contracción Total Tangencial %/Contracción Total Radial %)
1.7
PROPIEDADES QUÍMICAS DE LA MADERA
PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS DE LA MADERA
Resistencia a flexión (Módulo de ruptura) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
658
Rigidez (Módulo de elasticidad) CH12% (kgf/cm²)
85000
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra CH12% (kgf/cm²)
399
Cizallamiento radial CH12% (kgf/cm²)
75
Dureza Janka (lados) CH12% (kgf)
216
Dureza Janka (extremos) CH12% (kgf)
317
TRABAJABILIDAD
Aserrado
Cutting resistance is generally low.
Corte de chapa rotativa
It is used for plywood cores.
Chapa tranchada
It is used for plywood cores.
Pérdida de filo_romado
The wood exerts very little blunting effect on cutting tools.
Maquinado general
The timber is reported to respond well to machining operations, but fuzzy surfaces are reported.
Cepillado
The timber is reported to work easily in planing, it can generally be finished to a smooth, clean surface.
Moldurado
The material responds moderately well to molding operations.
Taladrado
Boring operations are reported to be rather easy, and bored surfaces are generally clean.
Clavado
It is a very soft wood, nail-holding properties are reported to be fair.
Encolado
The wood is reported to glue well.
Lijado
The material is reported to sand readily to yield clean and smooth surfaces in most cases.
Sacar lustre
The material is reported to polish well.
Facilidad para herramientas manuales
Response to hand tools is reported to be good.
Usos Reportados
USOS FINALES (RESUMEN)
HOUSING GENERAL, frames, shutter boards, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, scale model
VIVIENDA GENERAL
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Marcos
- 16 - Woods of the World
Persianas
- 20 - Prospect: The wood database
MUEBLES Y GABINETES
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Muebles comunes
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
TABLEROS Y CHAPAS
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Almas
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
PALLETS_EMBALAJES
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Envase liviano
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
artesanía
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Maquetas
- 83 - Algunas caracteristicas fisicomecanicas de la madera de tres especies de la cordillera NeoVolcanica
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